Mumps
什麼是Mumps
Mumps is the disease caused by the mumps virus, a member of the family Paramyxoviridae, of the genus Rubulavirus. It is a vaccine-preventable disease that only occurs in humans.
Vaccination against mumps prevents the disease. Most people from industrialised countries have likely been immunised for mumps virus already since the mumps vaccination is commonly part of a routine vaccination schedule. By the end of 2009, the mumps vaccination was included in the national immunisation schedules of approximately 114 of 193 World Health Organization member states. The cases of mumps have declined considerably wherever there is an immunisation program against the disease.
您如何獲得Mumps？
Mumps is a contagious disease that is transmitted person to person by direct contact with an infected person’s saliva or by breathing in airborne respiratory secretions that are coughed or sneezed into the air by an infected person.
易感性和抵抗力
Everyone is susceptible to mumps unless they have received vaccination or have had mumps in the past.
有哪些症狀？
General symptoms include fever, headache, fatigue, muscle soreness, swelling and tenderness of salivary glands under the chin, and respiratory symptoms. Complications of the mumps disease can include: orchitis, oophoritis, or mastitis (inflammation of the testes, ovaries, or breasts, respectively), pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas), meningitis or encephalitis (inflammation of the membranes that cover the brain or of the brain itself, respectively), and deafness.
預防措施
有疫苗可以預防腮腺炎，而接種疫苗是預防這種感染的最佳方法。
治療
There is no specific treatment for mumps except for symptomatic care, such as applying ice or heat to swollen areas.
疫苗接種
通常在哪裡發生？
儘管流行性腮腺炎可能在世界任何地方發生，但更可能在沒有針對流行性腮腺炎的免疫計劃的國家中發生。這些國家包括：整個非洲（利比亞和埃及除外），阿富汗，巴基斯坦，印度，東南亞大部分地區（泰國除外），日本，韓國和加勒比地區的一些國家。
