Marburg Haemorrhagic Fever (Marburg Fever)
什麼是Marburg Haemorrhagic Fever (Marburg Fever)
Marburg Haemorrhagic Fever is caused by a virus in the same family of viruses as Ebola Haemorrhagic Fever virus. It causes a severe illness with up to an 80 percent mortality rate. The disease usually begins with a small number of cases, but it can spread to a larger number of people through direct contact with someone already infected. Although the reservoir in nature for this virus is unknown, it is suspected that various kinds of fruit bats residing in caves may harbour this virus. It may also infect other animals, like monkeys.
The risk of infection is highest when the ill patient is vomiting or bleeding, since these symptoms produce infected secretions.
您如何獲得Marburg Haemorrhagic Fever (Marburg Fever)？
The initial infection may result from visiting a cave where infected bats live or by contact with infected dead monkeys. The exact way in which the virus initially infects humans is not clear. However, the major risk for spreading the disease involves close personal contact (without personal protective equipment) with body fluids while caring for an infected person.
易感性和抵抗力
All people are susceptible to infection with this virus.
有哪些症狀？
Symptoms are similar to those of Ebola, i.e., sudden onset of fever, weakness, headache and muscle aches and pains. A sore throat followed by vomiting, diarrhoea, rash and then haemorrhaging from various sites occurs in severe and fatal forms of the disease. Bleeding leads to liver damage, central nervous system symptoms and eventually to shock and failure of many internal organs.
預防措施
預防包括避免與蝙蝠或死靈長類動物接觸。應避免照顧沒有保護設備的病人或準備屍體以掩埋懷疑患有馬爾堡的患者。儘管普通旅客的風險很低，但是在發生馬爾堡病毒的地區，從事動物研究或為患者提供醫療服務的醫護人員的風險增加。
治療
There is no specific treatment for this disease other than general supportive measures until the patient recovers.
通常在哪裡發生？
在安哥拉，肯尼亞，津巴布韋，剛果民主共和國和烏干達已經爆發了這種疾病。
