Salmonellosis (Salmonella)

您如何獲得Salmonellosis (Salmonella)？

You can get salmonella by consuming improperly prepared, contaminated food. Because salmonella bacteria are ubiquitous, they can be found in many contaminated foods and food products.  Unpasteurized milk and all kinds of milk products made with unpasteurized milk may be contaminated with salmonella.  Other common sources include raw or poorly cooked eggs or egg products and raw or poorly cooked meat and meat products, especially poultry and poultry products.

In spite of treatment, an infected person can spread the bacteria for several days to weeks without any symptoms.  Other infected people may develop a so-called “carrier state” in which they can spread the bacteria for many months.  A very small number of people may excrete the bacteria for more than a year.

易感性和抵抗力

Everyone is susceptible to salmonella poisoning.

有哪些症狀？

Salmonella begins with a headache, pain in the abdomen, diarrhoea, nausea and vomiting.  Fever is almost always present.  Dehydration may occur rapidly, especially in the young and elderly.  The illness continues for several days and may vary from relatively mild to severe symptoms.  Occasionally, the bacteria gain access to the blood stream and cause a serious illness.  Deaths are relatively rare, except in the very young and elderly. 

預防措施

預防這種感染包括避免污染的水和煮熟的肉類，禽類，蛋類等的不當。還建議您仔細洗手並保持衛生。

治療

There is no vaccine against salmonella.  For intestinal infections, supportive treatment to maintain adequate hydration (good fluid intake) is generally all that is required.  For salmonella that spreads beyond the intestines, e.g., into the blood stream, antibiotic treatment is required.  Resistance to commonly used antibiotics is variable around the world.

驗證

• 抗生素類

通常在哪裡發生？

這種細菌在全球有 2，000 多種已知類型的沙門氏菌，因國家/地區和地區而異。