Gambia

Gambia的建議疫苗接種

對於大多數旅行者

乙肝疫苗

在這個國家，存在接觸乙型肝炎的巨大風險。建議接種疫苗。

甲型肝炎疫苗

在這個國家，有暴露於甲型肝炎的巨大風險。建議接種疫苗。

對於一些旅行者

霍亂疫苗

英國NaTHNaC向那些活動或病史使他們處於高風險，前往霍亂傳播活躍地區的旅行者推薦口服霍亂疫苗。這些風險因素包括：援助人員；那些在霍亂暴發地區無法獲得飲用水和醫療服務的人；對其進行疫苗接種可能被認為可能有益的旅行者，例如慢性病。美國疾病預防控制中心向年齡在18-64歲且計劃前往霍亂傳播活躍地區的旅行者推薦霍亂疫苗。 CDC指出，大多數旅行者不會前往霍亂傳播活躍的地區，安全的飲食和飲水習慣可以預防許多霍亂感染。

狂犬病疫苗

建議參加可能與狂犬病，蝙蝠和其他哺乳動物直接接觸的戶外活動旅行者（例如，露營者，遠足者，騎自行車的人，冒險旅行者和洞穴探險者）接種狂犬病疫苗。那些有職業風險的人（例如獸醫，野生動植物專業人士，研究人員）以及長期旅行者和外派人員面臨的風險更高，應接種疫苗。

麻疹，腮腺炎，風疹（MMR）疫苗

One dose of measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) is recommended to infants 6 to 11 months prior to international travel.

卡介苗芽孢桿菌（BCG）疫苗

A BCG vaccine is recommended for all unvaccinated adults and children under 16 years of age, staying in the country for more than 3 months. A tuberculin skin test is required prior to administering vaccination for all children from 6 years of age.

腦膜炎疫苗

由於該國位於撒哈拉以南的腦膜炎帶，如果在旱季（12月至6月）旅行，建議接種腦膜炎疫苗。

黃熱病疫苗

來自有黃熱病傳播危險國家的9個月及以上的旅客需要獲得黃熱病疫苗接種證明。建議所有9個月以上的旅行者都服用黃熱病疫苗。

傷寒疫苗

由於岡比亞暴露於不安全的食物和水的來源是多種多樣的，因此通常建議接種傷寒疫苗，尤其是在訪問水和食物可能不安全的較小城市，農村地區時。

Gambia的推薦藥物

對於一些旅行者

抗瘧藥

建議所有前往岡比亞的旅行者使用抗瘧疾藥物。推薦的藥物包括阿托萬醌-丙胍，強力黴素或甲氟喹。存在對氯喹和磺胺多辛-乙胺嘧啶的抗性。

Gambia要注意的疾病

對於大多數旅行者

Hepatitis A

在岡比亞，存在甲型肝炎病毒暴露的重大風險。

Hepatitis B

在岡比亞，存在乙型肝炎的重大風險。

Cholera

該國經常爆發霍亂。

Dengue Fever

登革熱在這個國家發生。

Chikungunya Fever

基孔肯雅熱在這個國家發生。

對於一些旅行者

West Nile Fever

The virus is transmitted to animals, birds and humans by mosquitoes. Symptoms include fever, headache, tiredness, body aches, nausea, and skin rash.

Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever

There is a risk of acquiring the Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic fever in the Gambia.

Leishmaniasis

There is a risk of acquiring Leishmaniasis in the country. The infection is transmitted by the bite of infected phlebotomine sandfly.

Hanta Virus

There is a risk of acquiring hantavirus in the Gambia through contaminated food or by coming into contact with someone infected with the virus

Rift Valley Fever (RVF)

Commonly spread via contact with domesticated animals infected with the virus. These include cattle, buffalo, sheep, goats, and camels, among others.

Measles

There is a risk of exposure to measles in the country.

Rabies

狂犬病存在於這個國家。

Malaria

這個國家全年都有嚴重的瘧疾風險。

African Tick Bite Fever

這種疾病可能在該國發生。

Zika Fever

這種疾病可能在該國發生。

Yellow Fever

這個國家有黃熱病傳播的危險。這個國家/地區要求9歲以上且有黃熱病傳播危險的國家/地區的旅行者提供黃熱病疫苗接種證書。建議所有9個月以上的旅行者使用黃熱病疫苗。

Typhoid Fever

未接種疫苗的人會因岡比亞受污染的食物和水而受到感染，尤其是在訪問水和食物可能不安全的較小城市，村莊或農村地區時，尤其如此。

Schistosomiasis

這種疾病存在於這個國家，並且是通過與淡水接觸（例如游泳，洗澡或漂流）而獲得的。氯化程度高的游泳池和海洋中與鹽水的接觸不會使旅行者面臨血吸蟲病的危險。

Tuberculosis

結核病發生在這個國家。如果去探望患病的朋友或家人，在醫療保健領域工作或與一般人群密切接觸，前往該國的旅行者有患肺結核的危險。

Meningitis

岡比亞位於撒哈拉以南腦膜炎帶，在乾燥季節（12月至6月）可能會爆發腦膜炎。

Gambia中的安全性

人身安全

Although The Gambia is considered to be one of the safest African countries, petty crime and theft against tourists are increasing. Theft of passports and also valuables from hotel rooms is increasing. Some tourists have had their passports stolen by individuals posing as security at the international airport, therefore, ask to see a photo ID badge. Tourists have been mugged when walking on the beach alone at night. Pickpocketing is common in markets, on ferries, and along the beaches in resort areas.

In general, while travelling, avoid carrying large amounts of cash and keep valuables out of sight. Arrange for alternative ways to access your money since credit cards are not widely accepted and there are very few ATMs. Travellers may have trouble exchanging currency other than British Pounds outside of the resort areas and the city of Banjul.

Road travel may be dangerous due to poor road conditions, poorly lit roads at night and reckless driving. Exercise extreme caution if driving in rural areas or driving during the rainy season when roads may be washed out. Avoid travelling after dark

Politely avoid conversation or help from young unemployed men, referred to as “bumsters” who hustle tourists to try to receive money from them.

Travellers are advised against accepting “free rides” from anyone in a vehicle without a yellow license plate. Public taxis are safe and inexpensive.

Travellers are advised to carry proof of prescriptions for medications as some citizens have been detained for possession of unmarked pills. There are heavy penalties for illegal drugs, and many prescription drugs may be considered illegal in The Gambia.

LGBTI travellers should note that there is no social tolerance for same-sex relations and same-sex relations are illegal. Private citizens have the power to make arrests for offences “against the order of nature” according to the Gambian Criminal Code. Increasingly, there has been homophobic rhetoric from the government.

Travellers should take note of whether they will be travelling during the Islamic holy month of Ramadan. During this time, respect the religious practices of the country and avoid eating, drinking and smoking in public between sunrise and sunset. Always dress and behave conservatively to respect local customs.

Seek advice from local authorities as to which beaches are safe.

Tourism infrastructure is limited outside of Banjul.

Taking photographs of airports, embassies and government and military installations is illegal.

政治動盪

Political protests in The Gambia, have become more frequent in recent years. Such events tend to draw large groups of people and even peaceful demonstrations can turn violent at any time.

應避免的區域

Avoid land travel through the Casamance area along the border with southern Senegal. Travellers have been attacked on roads leading north from Ziguinchor to Banjul. There have been reports of armed banditry, and the personal security situation is unpredictable.