Bangladesh

Bangladesh的建議疫苗接種

對於大多數旅行者

甲型肝炎疫苗

There is a significant risk of exposure to hepatitis A for this country, therefore, the vaccination is recommended.

乙肝疫苗

There is a significant risk of infection with hepatitis B for this country, therefore, the vaccination is recommended.

對於一些旅行者

麻疹，腮腺炎，風疹（MMR）疫苗

A dose of Measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine is recommended for infants aged 6 to 11 months.

卡介苗芽孢桿菌（BCG）疫苗

BCG vaccine is recommended for those at increased risk from coming in close contact with infected persons or for unvaccinated, children under 16 years of age, who are going to live in Afghanistan for more than 3 months.

日本腦炎疫苗

This vaccination is recommended for travellers who plan extensive outdoor activity in rural areas between May and October, particularly in the areas of Chittagong, Dhaka, Khulna, and Rajshahi, and Sylhet divisions.

黃熱病疫苗

Travellers are not at risk for yellow fever for this country. However, this country requires all persons age 1 year or over to have proof of the yellow fever vaccination if arriving from a region where yellow fever is present, including airport transit & layovers.

霍亂疫苗

The U.S. CDC recommends the cholera vaccine for all travellers, including children who plan to travel to areas of active cholera transmission.

傷寒疫苗

There is a risk of exposure to typhoid fever in this country through consumption of unsafe food and water. Since exposure to unsafe sources is variable within this country, the vaccination against typhoid fever is generally recommended, especially when visiting smaller cities, rural areas, or staying with friends and family.

狂犬病疫苗

Vaccination against rabies is recommended for travellers involved in outdoor activities (e.g., campers, hikers, bikers, adventure travellers, and cavers) who may have direct contact with rabid dogs, bats, and other mammals. Those with occupational risks (such as veterinarians, wildlife professionals, researchers) and long-term travellers and expatriates are at higher risk and should be vaccinated.

Bangladesh的推薦藥物

對於一些旅行者

抗瘧藥

Recommended anti-malarial medication includes atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, or mefloquine. Anti-malaria drug resistance for Chloroquine is present.

Bangladesh要注意的疾病

對於大多數旅行者

Chikungunya Fever

Chikungunya fever has occurred in this country.

Hepatitis A

There is a significant risk for hepatitis A virus exposure in Bangladesh through contaminated food or water. 

Hepatitis B

There is a significant risk for acquiring hepatitis B in Bangladesh.

Dengue Fever

Dengue fever outbreaks have occurred in Bangladesh, and the risk to travellers is significant.

Cholera

Active cholera transmission was reported in Chittagong and Dhaka.

對於一些旅行者

Measles

There is a risk of Measles in this country, especially in infants aged 6 to 11 months.

Hanta Virus

There is a risk of acquiring Hantavirus in this country through the consumption of food and water contaminated by an infected rodent or through rodent bites.

Malaria

High-risk areas include the Chittagong Hill Tract districts. There is a very low risk in the rest of Bangladesh. Carrying prescription antimalarials is recommended.

Typhoid Fever

Unvaccinated people can become infected through contaminated food and water in Bangladesh, especially when visiting smaller cities, villages, or rural areas where water and food may not be safe.

Yellow Fever

Travellers are not at risk for yellow fever for this country. However, this country requires all persons age 1 year or over to have proof of the yellow fever vaccination if arriving from a region where yellow fever is present.

Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis occurs in Bangladesh. Travellers to this country are at risk for tuberculosis if visiting sick friends or family, working in the health care field, or having close prolonged contact with the general population.

Leishmaniasis

Leishmaniasis is found in Bangladesh. There has been a sharp increase in the disease since the cessation of DDT spraying. Leishmaniasis is usually more common in rural than urban areas, and the risk of acquiring leishmaniasis is increased in travellers who spend time outdoors in rural areas and at night when sand flies typically feed.

Japanese encephalitis

In Bangladesh, outbreaks of Japanese encephalitis occur between the months of May and October. Cases of Japanese encephalitis have been reported in the areas of Chittagong, Dhaka, Khulna, and Rajshahi, and Sylhet divisions, however, the disease is likely widespread throughout Bangladesh. The risk for travellers of contracting Japanese encephalitis is low, but visiting the listed areas and extensive outdoor activity in rural areas will increase this risk.

Rabies

Rabies occurs in Bangladesh. Travellers involved in outdoor activities (e.g., campers, hikers, bikers, adventure travellers, and cavers) may have direct contact with rabid dogs, bats, and other mammals. Those with occupational risks (such as veterinarians, wildlife professionals, researchers) and long-term travellers and expatriates are at higher risk.

Zika Fever

Zika virus can occur in this country.

Bangladesh中的安全性

人身安全

截至 2025 年，孟加拉麵臨嚴重的人身安全挑戰。 2024 年 8 月政治動盪後，暴力犯罪急遽上升。搶劫案從 2024 年 1 月的 114 起上升至 2025 年 1 月的 171 起，綁架案則增加了一倍以上。行兇搶劫事件單月發生 242 起，創歷史新高。謀殺案從 2024 年 1 月的 231 起上升至 2025 年 1 月的 294 起。扒手和搶包仍然很常見，尤其是在公共場所和交通工具上。公共交通乘客面臨的暴力犯罪風險更高，尤其是在夜間。警察局遭到嚴重破壞，執法能力仍緊張。為了填補機構薄弱留下的安全漏洞，群體暴力增加。在公共場所行走時避免使用手機，因為這會吸引小偷。局勢仍然動盪，有可能迅速惡化，尤其是在示威或罷工期間，這些情況可能很快演變成暴力事件。

極端暴力

2023 年，孟加拉沒有發生跨國恐怖主義暴力事件的報告，當局正積極追捕激進組織。然而，恐怖主義威脅依然存在。極端組織歷來使用簡易爆炸裝置攻擊外國人，並攻擊公共場所，包括餐廳、旅館、交通樞紐和禮拜場所。吉大港山區經歷了分離主義暴力事件，2023 年有士兵在被歸咎於少數民族激進組織的襲擊中喪生。 2024 年 8 月的政治動盪造成多達 1,400 人死亡，此後針對宗教少數群體的暴力事件急劇增加。據報道，針對印度教財產的襲擊超過 2,000 起，針對基督教皈依者和蘇菲派機構的襲擊也發生了。 2024 年，有五名跨性別女性被殺害。臨時政府於 2025 年 2 月啟動了「魔鬼追捕」行動，以應對犯罪率飆升的問題，但這導致大規模逮捕，引發了人權擔憂。武裝團體和犯罪團夥在羅興亞難民營中活動。雖然自2020年以來，重大恐怖攻擊事件有所減少，但威脅依然存在，尤其是在達卡。儘管政府採取嚴厲措施，宗教極端組織仍在繼續活動。

政治動盪

2024年7月至8月，孟加拉經歷了大規模的政治動盪，抗議活動推翻了總理謝赫哈西娜，造成多達1400人死亡。局勢依然動盪不安。政治集會和示威活動仍在繼續，並可能迅速演變成暴力衝突，引發執法人員的衝突。在被稱為「罷工」（hartals）的罷工期間，城鎮中會發生縱火、暴力和破壞行為，有時甚至造成人員傷亡。動亂期間，針對財產和公共交通的襲擊屢見不鮮。 2024年8月臨時政府成立後，包括孟加拉民族主義黨、伊斯蘭大會黨和前人民聯盟政府支持者在內的各派系之間的政治緊張局勢持續存在。 2025年，敵對政治團體之間的暴力衝突已造成數十人死亡，數百人受傷。臨時政府承諾在2025年底前舉行選舉，但選舉拖延可能引發新的抗議活動。軍方人員目前在街上巡邏並擁有逮捕權。如果您發現示威活動開始，請立即轉移到安全的地方。避免前往所有大型集會以及有警察或保全人員的區域。安全局勢可能在短時間內迅速改變。

應避免的區域

避免前往吉大港山區，包括卡格拉查里、蘭加馬蒂和班達爾班地區。該地區社區暴力、犯罪、恐怖主義、綁架、分離主義活動和種族衝突頻繁，時有簡易爆炸裝置爆炸和槍擊事件發生。前往該地區需要獲得政府批准，即使獲得許可，安全風險仍然極高。綁架事件的目標既包括當地人，也包括遊客，包括因家庭糾紛和宗教少數群體而發生的綁架事件。請避開科克斯巴扎爾地區羅興亞難民營週邊地區，尤其是泰克納夫、庫圖帕隆和烏克希亞，據報道，這些地區發生了綁架、武器走私、毒品販運以及當地人與難民之間的衝突。武裝團體和犯罪集團在這些難民營中活動，安全防範措施有限。在政治動盪時期，請避開達卡古爾山2號地區的79號和86號公路，因為那裡是主要政黨辦公室所在地，並且經常發生大型臨時活動。孟加拉西南部的孫德爾本斯森林地區綁架威脅加劇。在所有公共場所，包括交通樞紐、市場、購物區和政府大樓，都應保持警惕，因為這些地方可能在毫無預警的情況下發生攻擊。