Libya
關於Libya
| 貨幣 | Libyan dinar (LYD) |
| 語言 | Arabic: with Italian and English widely spoken |
| 資本金 | Tripoli |
Libya is a country in northern Africa that shares borders with the countries of Tunisia, Algeria, Niger, Chad, Sudan, and Egypt and has a coastline on the Mediterranean Sea. The population is about 6.2 million people. There is a transitional government with a president as chief of state and prime minister as head of government.
Libya was an Italian colony from about 1911 until World War II when the Italians and Germans were defeated in the North African Campaign. In a peace treaty in 1947 with the Allies, Libya gained independence from Italy. In 1969, Muammar Gaddafi staged a military coup, ousted the king, and began a system that combined Islam and socialism.
Civil unrest erupted in 2011, and the government’s crackdown on the protests led to a civil war. Gadaffi was killed in October 2011, ending his 42-year rule. In 2012, Libyans voted in the first free national elections in about 60 years, and elected a General National Congress. However, at the time of writing, political instability and lack of security are significant problems for this country.
Travellers to this country can visit oasis towns, ancient ruins, and five UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
Libya的建議疫苗接種
對於大多數旅行者
甲型肝炎疫苗
There is a significant risk of exposure to hepatitis A for this country, therefore, the vaccination is recommended. Infants 6 to 11 months old should also be vaccinated against the disease.
乙肝疫苗
There is a significant risk of infection with hepatitis B for this country, therefore, the vaccination is recommended.
對於一些旅行者
麻疹，腮腺炎，風疹（MMR）疫苗
One dose of measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) is recommended to infants 6 to 11 months prior to international travel.
卡介苗芽孢桿菌（BCG）疫苗
A BCG vaccine is recommended for all unvaccinated adults and children under 16 years of age, staying in the country for more than 3 months. A tuberculin skin test is required prior to administering vaccination for all children from 6 years of age.
傷寒疫苗
There is a risk of exposure to typhoid fever in this country through consumption of unsafe food and water. Since exposure to unsafe sources is variable within this country, the vaccination against typhoid fever is generally recommended, especially when visiting smaller cities or rural areas, where food and water sources may be contaminated.
狂犬病疫苗
Vaccination against rabies is recommended for travellers involved in outdoor activities (e.g., campers, hikers, bikers, adventure travellers, and cavers) who may have direct contact with rabid dogs, bats, and other mammals. Those with occupational risks (such as veterinarians, wildlife professionals, researchers) and long-term travellers and expatriates are at higher risk and should be vaccinated.
Libya的推薦藥物
目前沒有針對Libya的建議。
Libya要注意的疾病
對於大多數旅行者
Hepatitis B
There is a significant risk for acquiring hepatitis B in Libya.
Hepatitis A
There is a significant risk for hepatitis A virus exposure in Libya through contaminated food or water.
對於一些旅行者
West Nile Fever
The virus is transmitted to animals, birds and humans by mosquitoes. Symptoms include fever, headache, tiredness, body aches, nausea, and skin rash.
Rift Valley Fever (RVF)
Commonly spread via contact with domesticated animals infected with the virus. These include cattle, buffalo, sheep, goats, and camels, among others.
Hanta Virus
There is a risk of acquiring hantavirus in Libya through contaminated food or by coming into contact with someone infected with the virus.
Leishmaniasis
There is a risk of acquiring Leishmaniasis in the country. The infection is transmitted by the bite of infected phlebotomine sandfly.
Measles
There is a risk of exposure to measles in the country.
Schistosomiasis
This disease may occur sporadically in this country.
Typhoid Fever
Unvaccinated people can become infected through contaminated food and water in Libya, especially when visiting smaller cities, villages, or rural areas where food and water sources may be contaminated.
Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis occurs in Libya. Travellers to Libya are at risk for tuberculosis if visiting sick friends or family, working in the health care field, or having close prolonged contact with the general population.
Rabies
Rabies occurs in Libya. Travellers involved in outdoor activities (e.g., campers, hikers, bikers, adventure travellers, and cavers) may have direct contact with rabid dogs, bats, and other mammals. Those with occupational risks (such as veterinarians, wildlife professionals, researchers) and long-term travellers and expatriates are at higher risk.
Libya中的安全性
人身安全
Petty crime, such as pickpocketing, bag snatching, or other theft can occur. Always be alert to your personal safety. Keep valuables secured and out of sight. Safeguard your important documents, such as your passport. Avoid walking alone at night.
Violent crime is on the increase in Libya, including armed robbery, carjacking, kidnapping, murder and burglary.
Due to the very unstable security situation in Libya, it is advised to hire personal security.
Do not discuss Libyan politics.
Do not take photographs of any military installation, border crossings or government buildings.
Travellers should take note of whether they will be travelling during the Islamic holy month of Ramadan. During this time, respect the religious practices of the country and avoid eating, drinking and smoking in public between sunrise and sunset. Always dress conservatively to respect local customs and to avoid unwanted attention or harassment.
It is illegal to drink alcohol in Libya.
There are heavy penalties for drug use or possession, including the death penalty.
Driving can be hazardous in Libya due to lack of road signs, high speed driving, and drivers who may not follow the rules of the road. Blowing sand can also significantly reduce visibility.
Unexploded ordnances are hazards throughout Libya. Do not stray from main roads.
Extremely high temperatures also present a health and safety concern for the traveller. Monitor local weather updates.
LGBTI travellers should note that same-sex behaviours and same-sex marriage are both illegal in Libya.
極端暴力
The crime rate is very high in Libya, where weapons are easily available and government forces do not have control of the country. Terrorist attacks occur in Libya. The situation in Benghazi is particularly unstable and volatile. Attacks against foreign interests and foreigners occur regularly. There is also a high threat of kidnapping in the country and foreigners are common targets.
政治動盪
Protests and demonstrations occur frequently in Libya. Avoid any public gathering or demonstration as these situations in any country can escalate into violence unexpectedly.
Celebratory gunfire into the air has occurred, and falling bullets have inadvertently killed some people.
應避免的區域
Avoid all travel to Libya due to the unstable political situation, high risk of terrorism and armed conflict. There is a heightened risks at the border areas with Algeria, Chad, Niger, Sudan and Tunisia due to the presence of armed groups, along with this there exists an extreme kidnapping risk. Borders may also close on short notice, including, in particular, the borders with Egypt and Tunisia.
