Solomon Islands
關於Solomon Islands
| 貨幣 | Solomon Islands dollar (SBD) |
| 語言 | English |
| 資本金 | Honiara |
The Solomon Islands include more than 900 islands in the South Pacific Ocean, southeast of Papua New Guinea, with a population of about 635,000 people. The government is a parliamentary democracy under a constitutional monarchy with the chief of state being the monarch of Great Britain, represented by a governor-general. A prime minister is head of government.
The islands were inhabited as early as 1000 BC, however, early attempts at colonization were not successful. Europeans did not establish their presence until the mid-1800s. Britain declared the islands as a protectorate in 1893.
During World War II, the body of water at the centre of the Soloman Islands, known as “The Slot” and the island of Guadalcanal, were the scenes of fierce naval warfare. Many American and Japanese ships are on the bottom. After World War II, the country moved toward independence. In 1976, self-government was achieved, and in 1978, the Solomon Islands adopted a constitution and gained independence.
In 1998, tribal rivalries erupted into violent confrontations between the Gwale people on Guadalcanal and the Malaitans on the island of Malaita. The ongoing civil unrest between 1998 and 2003 was very damaging to the country. In mid-2003, the prime minister called on Australia to help in negotiations to reestablish law and order. An Australian-led multinational force was brought in. The country is still recovering from the conflict and struggles with an unstable economic situation.
Tourism is not a developed sector of the economy of the islands. For travellers to the Solomon Islands, there are opportunities for diving around World War II wrecks, snorkelling, surfing, exploring lagoons and staying at eco-lodges.
Solomon Islands的建議疫苗接種
對於大多數旅行者
乙肝疫苗
該國家存在感染乙型肝炎的風險，因此，建議進行疫苗接種。
甲型肝炎疫苗
該國家存在接觸甲型肝炎的風險，因此，建議進行疫苗接種。
對於一些旅行者
卡介苗芽孢桿菌（BCG）疫苗
BCG vaccine is recommended for those at increased risk from coming in close contact with infected persons or for unvaccinated, children under 16 years of age, who are going to live in the country for more than 3 months.
黃熱病疫苗
所羅門群島沒有黃熱的危險。但是，該國要求從有黃熱病傳播危險的國家入境的旅客需要獲得黃熱病疫苗接種證書。
傷寒疫苗
在該國，由於食用不安全的食物和水，有遭受傷寒的危險。由於在這個國家/地區暴露於不安全來源的情況有所不同，因此通常建議接種傷寒疫苗，尤其是在訪問較小的城市，農村地區或與朋友和家人住在一起時。
麻疹，腮腺炎，風疹（MMR）疫苗
如果旅客來自或經過以下國家（包括過境）旅行，則必須提供麻疹疫苗接種證明：澳大利亞，新西蘭，美屬薩摩亞，薩摩亞，斐濟，湯加和菲律賓。旅行者必須在抵達所羅門群島至少15天之前接受疫苗接種，並且必須能夠提供疫苗接種的書面證據。否則可能會導致您無法登機入境或驅逐出境。為了證明麻疹疫苗接種，旅行者需要一張免疫卡，其中記錄了疫苗的類型，疫苗接種的日期（旅行前至少21天），提供者的名稱和簽名以及接種者的姓名和簽名。滿足要求也被認為是可接受的實驗室證明的免疫力或免疫卡上的麻疹病史。此要求不適用於6個月以下的嬰兒，孕婦或可以提供疫苗接種禁忌證（醫生的照會）的旅行者。
狂犬病疫苗
建議為狂犬病的活動或工作可能使其直接接觸蝙蝠的旅行者（即冒險旅行者，獸醫，野生動植物專業人士，研究人員等）接種狂犬病疫苗。
Solomon Islands的推薦藥物
對於一些旅行者
抗瘧藥
推薦的抗瘧疾藥物是阿托伐醌/異丙酚或多西環素或甲氟喹。存在對氯喹的耐藥性。
Solomon Islands要注意的疾病
對於大多數旅行者
Hepatitis B
在這個國家有感染乙肝的風險。
Dengue Fever
登革熱可能在這個國家發生。
Hepatitis A
在這個國家，受污染的食物或水可能會感染甲型肝炎病毒。
對於一些旅行者
Chikungunya Fever
There is a risk of acquiring Chikungunya in this country.
Hanta Virus
There is a risk of acquiring Hantavirus in this country through the consumption of food and water contaminated by an infected rodent or through rodent bites.
Measles
There is a risk of acquiring Measles in this country.
Malaria
該國所有地區的瘧疾風險都很高。
Rabies
蝙蝠中可能存在狂犬病，但在該國的家畜或野生動物中尚未見過狂犬病的報導。
Yellow Fever
所羅門群島沒有黃熱的危險。但是，該國要求從有黃熱病傳播危險的國家入境的旅客需要獲得黃熱病疫苗接種證書。
Typhoid Fever
未接種疫苗的人會在所羅門群島受到污染的食物和水的感染，尤其是在訪問水和食物可能不安全的較小的城市，村莊或農村地區時。
Tuberculosis
結核在這個國家發生。如果去探望患病的朋友或家人，在醫療保健領域工作或與一般人群密切接觸，前往該國的旅行者有患肺結核的危險。
Zika Fever
寨卡熱可能在這個國家發生。
Solomon Islands中的安全性
人身安全
Overall most travellers to the Solomon Islands have no safety problems. However, crime does occur and has involved serious violence and assaults, including sexual assault. There have been reports of tourists being attacked at knifepoint, including at popular tourist sites, such as Mbonege Beach. Women need to be particularly cautious. Avoid isolated areas and avoid areas without security guards. Pickpocketing, theft, and bag snatching is common, particularly around the central market in Honiara.
Avoid travel or walking around Honiara at night if possible. Exercise caution in the squatter settlements around Honiara, White River and the Lungga Bridge, Sun Valley, Mataniko Bridge, Burns Creek and Henderson (airport) area. Security incidents in these areas have included road blocks, rock throwing, and more serious crimes, including sexual assault, robbery and vehicle hijacking.
Home invasions and violent crime increase during the time leading up Christmas holidays. There have been reports of yachts being robbed, even when the boats are anchored off-shore.
If your travel plans include visiting rural Guadalcanal, day trips from Honiara, or visiting the island of Malaita, get an update on the security situation from the High Commission of the Solomon Islands before travelling.
Safety measures for water sports, such as scuba diving, may not be at a level expected in western countries. In addition, emergency response times may be delayed. Ensure that adequate safety precautions are in place. You may need to provide your own safety equipment, such as life preservers. The hyperbaric chamber in Honiara is currently not in operation. Travellers with medical problems associated with diving accidents may need medical evacuation to New Zealand, which is the closest location for reliable medical care.
Get local advice before entering waters, and exercise caution in both fresh and salt water. Fresh and salt water crocodiles and sharks are common in many areas of the Solomon Islands. Crocodiles have been seen regularly offshore and on beaches.
Possession of pornographic material is against the law and brings fines and possible imprisonment.
Same-sex relationships are illegal in the Solomon Islands. It would be prudent to avoid public displays of affection.
Road travel is difficult since roads are often in disrepair with many potholes. Infrastructure, such as bridges, may not be maintained and some bridges have even collapsed. Drivers may not adhere to rules of the road. It is common for drivers to chew betel nut, and open doors while driving at speed to spit.
If you are involved in a driving accident, the law requires you to stop and remain at the scene of the accident. However, if a hostile crowd gathers, drive to the nearest police station to report the accident.
There is still unexploded ammunition in the Solomon Islands, particularly in Hell’s Point, Honiara and surrounding ridges, the New Georgia group of islands, Tulagi Island and the Russell Islands. Exercise caution when hiking, boating, or diving. Taxis, bus services and ferries are the available modes of transportation. Cyclones may occur from November to May. Always stay alert about the weather forecast and heed the advice of local authorities. Be aware that travel plans may be disrupted or canceled in the event of extreme weather. The Solomon Islands is located in an active seismic zone; earthquakes and resulting tsunamis may occur. Volcanic eruptions are likely. Internet and mobile services are limited in some regions.
政治動盪
Civil unrest may occur at times of Parliamentary sessions, court cases, and sporting or cultural events.
應避免的區域
Exercise caution in Honiara.
