Russia

Russia的建議疫苗接種

對於大多數旅行者

乙肝疫苗

There is a risk of infection with hepatitis B for this country. Therefore, the vaccination is recommended.

甲型肝炎疫苗

There is a risk of exposure to hepatitis A for this country. Therefore, the vaccination is recommended.

對於一些旅行者

麻疹，腮腺炎，風疹（MMR）疫苗

A dose of Measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine is recommended for all travellers over 6 months of age.

卡介苗芽孢桿菌（BCG）疫苗

BCG vaccine is recommended for those at increased risk from coming in close contact with infected persons or for unvaccinated, children under 16 years of age, who will live in Russia for more than 3 months.

ick蟲腦炎疫苗

Travellers who plan to visit this country during the summer months and hike or camp in rural or forested areas that provide a habitat for the ticks that carry the virus should consider obtaining this vaccine. This vaccine is only available in Europe.

狂犬病疫苗

Vaccination against rabies is recommended for travellers involved in outdoor activities (e.g., campers, hikers, adventure travellers, and cavers) who may have direct contact with rabid dogs, bats, and other mammals. Those with occupational risks (such as veterinarians, wildlife professionals, researchers) and long-term travellers and expatriates are at higher risk and should be vaccinated.

日本腦炎疫苗

Japanese encephalitis vaccination is generally recommended only for travellers to Russia who plan on visiting the Far Eastern Maritime areas south of Khabarousk from July to September.

Russia的推薦藥物

目前沒有針對Russia的建議。

Russia要注意的疾病

對於大多數旅行者

Hepatitis A

There is a risk for hepatitis A virus exposure in Russia through contaminated food or water. Infection can still occur at tourist destinations and resorts.

Hepatitis B

There is a risk for acquiring hepatitis B in Russia.

對於一些旅行者

Hanta Virus

There is a risk of acquiring Hantavirus in this country through the consumption of food and water contaminated by an infected rodent or through rodent bites.

Leishmaniasis

There is a risk of acquiring Leishmaniasis in this country through sand fly bites, particularly between dusk to dawn. Adventure tourists, outdoor athletes, or humanitarian aid workers are at a higher risk.

Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever

There is a risk of acquiring Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever in this country through specific insect, bug or tick bites or by coming in close contact with a person or animal infected with this disease. Travellers involved in activities like hiking, camping, working with animals, and visiting farms and forested areas are at a higher risk. There are no vaccinations (or medications) to prevent Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever.

Measles

There is a risk of Measles in this country, especially in infants aged 6 to 11 months.

Japanese encephalitis

In Russia, outbreaks of Japanese encephalitis occur from July to September in the Far Eastern Maritime area of Khabarovsk. The risk for travellers of contracting Japanese encephalitis is low, but visiting this area and extensive outdoor activity will increase this risk.

Tuberculosis

Travellers to Russia are at risk for tuberculosis, including multi-drug resistant tuberculosis, if visiting friends or family, working in the health care field, or having close prolonged contact with the general population.

Tick-Borne Encephalitis

There is a risk of tick-borne encephalitis from Kaliningrad to Wladiwostok below 1,400 meters. The areas mainly affected are the Ural region including the districts of Perm and Sverdlovsk (particularly around the city of Yekaterinburg), the areas of Okhotsk, the Sikhote-Alin mountain range near Vladivostok in the Far Eastern region, the Lake Baikal region and Crimea. The transmission season varies, however, ticks are most active during early spring to late autumn (March to November).

West Nile Fever

Outbreaks of West Nile virus occur in Russia.

Rabies

Rabies occurs in this country. Travellers involved in outdoor activities (e.g., campers, hikers, adventure travellers, and cavers) may have direct contact with rabid dogs, bats, and other mammals. Those with occupational risks (such as veterinarians, wildlife professionals, researchers) and long-term travellers and expatriates are at higher risk.

Russia中的安全性

人身安全

Most visitors to Russia do not experience safety problems. However, petty crime does occur in Russia, particularly in cities. With respect to your personal safety, be cautious and always be aware of your surroundings, especially at night.

Be alert to the possibility of mugging, pickpocketing and theft from vehicles or hotel rooms. Avoid showing signs of wealth and keep valuables out of sight to avoid being targeted for theft. Safeguard your important documents, such as your passport. Avoid walking alone at night. Do not carry large sums of cash.

Do not accept drinks or food from strangers and never leave your drinks out of your sight. Spiking of drinks with drugs is not uncommon is bars and nightclubs.

Tourists have been targeted by scams. If you suspect that someone who is not an official officer has stopped you, ask to see his or her identification. Be aware of scams, such as someone dropping a wad of cash and another person picking it up and giving you half. The person who dropped the cash or a “police officer” demands the full amount. Tourists have been forced to go to ATMs and come up with the other half of the money. If you see anything suspicious, do not help or accept anything and walk away quickly.

Many taxis are not licensed. Get your hotel to call a taxi. Agree on a fare before getting into the taxi.

Road conditions and road safety are often poor outside the major cities.

When travelling by train, do not leave your belongings in the sleeping compartment. Theft occurs on trains and the compartment locks are not secure. Never agree to look after the luggage or belongings of others or store their belongings in your compartment.

Reports indicate that in St Petersburg, well-organised gangs have targeted tourists in street crime incidents. There have been reports of bogus police officers that harass and/or rob tourists. If you are stopped, always insist on seeing identification.

Taking pictures of any military establishment or site of strategic importance (including airports) is illegal.

The Russian president has signed a law that calls for the arrest of anyone who is openly gay or supportive of gay rights. People, including tourists, can be heavily fined for “propaganda of non-traditional sexual relations.“ This law permits the government to arrest and detain gay or pro-gay foreigners for up to 14 days before expelling them from the country. For example, illegal “pro-gay” displays could range from hand-holding or gay-affirmative speech to even displaying a rainbow flag on a backpack. In January 2019, reports indicated that several people were killed and many detained in a move allegedly by the Chechen government against LGBT people.

Racially motivated attacks have occurred in Russia, particularly toward those of Asian or Afro-Caribbean descent. Attacks tend to increase around 20 April, the anniversary of Adolf Hitler’s birthday.

Terrorist incidents have occurred in Russia. Violent incidents in major cities are usually linked to criminal/business activities and are not usually directed against foreign visitors. However, remain cautious, particularly in public places, and monitor the local news reports.

Many countries advise their citizens to avoid all travel to Russia due to the unpredictable consequences of the full-scale invasion of Ukraine by Russian military forces. Foreign nationals in Russia are advised to leave immediately.

極端暴力

Due to the impacts of the armed conflict with Ukraine, several regions in Russia are at ongoing risk of airstrikes, drone attacks, explosions and fires, including Moscow, St. Petersburg, Crimea and areas near the Russia-Ukraine border.

政治動盪

Political rallies can occur in Moscow, St. Petersburg and other places across Russia. Check media for the latest information, be vigilant, and avoid any demonstrations or public gatherings, since these situations can escalate and turn violent quickly and unexpectedly.

應避免的區域

Many countries advise their citizens to avoid all travel to war-affected regions in Russia.

Avoid travel to the North Caucasus, particularly the regions of Chechnya, Dagestan, Ingushetia, North Ossetia, the southeast part of Stavropol bordering Chechnya, Kabardino-Balkaria (including the Mount Elbrus area), and Karachay-Cherkessia due to the high risk of terrorist activity and unstable security situation.

Avoid travel to Crimea.