什么是Nipah Virus？
Nipah virus infection is a highly contagious, lethal disease that has been discovered in Malaysia, Bangladesh, and West Bengal, India. A similar virus, called Hendra virus, was also discovered in Queensland, Australia. Nipah virus is carried by fruit bats.
如何获得Nipah Virus？
In countries where palm sap is collected in jars placed in palm trees, infected bats contaminate the sap. Unboiled contaminated palm sap is frequently consumed by humans and can result in infection. The virus can also spread directly from ill patients to caregivers. In other outbreaks, pigs become infected after eating contaminated half-eaten fruit dropped by the bats, and in turn, infect humans that consume the pork.
易感性和抗性
All people are susceptible. The level of immunity after surviving this disease is not known. There have been some people who survived Nipah virus infection and have been re-infected.
症状是什么？
Symptoms begin with fever, sore throat, dizziness, drowsiness and disorientation that results from inflammation of the brain (encephalitis). Symptoms may be mild or severe with coma and a mortality rate of up to 70 percent. Up to 20 percent of recovered patients have neurological defects.
预防措施
不要食用未煮熟的棕榈汁。在发生尼帕病毒的国家，不要食用未煮熟的猪肉。
处理
There is no specific treatment for this infection. General care consists of managing the symptoms.
它常见于哪里？
Nipah病毒已在马来西亚，孟加拉国和印度西孟加拉邦发现。
