Egypt
关于Egypt
| 货币 | Egyptian pound (EGP) |
| 语言 | Arabic. English and French are also widely spoken. |
| 资本 | Cairo |
The Arab Republic of Egypt is located in northern Africa between Libya and the Gaza Strip. The country borders on the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea north of Sudan. Egypt’s population is about 82 million people, the most populated country in the Middle East. Islam is the state religion and the country is predominantly Sunni Muslim.
The government of Egypt is a republic with a president as chief of state and a prime minister as head of government. Egypt experienced a revolution in 2011 that removed Hosni Mubarak, a dictator who had been in power for 30 years. The military assumed leadership until early 2012 when the presidential candidate for the Muslim Brotherhood won the election and a new constitution was approved. As of July 2013, after ongoing massive country-wide protests, another coup has taken place and an interim government is in place. The economy has suffered and the political situation remains unsettled.
Egypt is one of the world’s oldest civilizations, often called “the cradle of civilisation.” Egypt’s economy is diversified with tourism, agriculture, industry, and services contributing almost equally. Visitors to Egypt can see the pyramids, the Sphinx, and other ruins of its ancient civilizations, such as Thebes and Memphis, and the Valley of the Kings.
推荐接种Egypt的疫苗
对于大多数旅行者来说
乙肝疫苗
There is a significant risk of infection with hepatitis B for this country, therefore, the vaccination is recommended.
甲型肝炎疫苗
There is a significant risk of exposure to hepatitis A for this country, therefore, the vaccination is recommended. Infants 6 to 11 months old should also be vaccinated against the disease.
对于一些旅行者
狂犬病疫苗
Vaccination against rabies is recommended for travellers involved in outdoor activities (e.g., campers, hikers, bikers, adventure travellers, and cavers) who may have direct contact with rabid dogs, bats, and other mammals. Those with occupational risks (such as veterinarians, wildlife professionals, researchers) and long-term travellers and expatriates are at higher risk and should be vaccinated.
黄热病疫苗
A yellow fever vaccination certificate is required for travellers over 9 months of age arriving from countries with risk of yellow fever transmission and for travellers having transited more than 12 hours through an airport of a country with risk of yellow fever transmission. All arrivals from Sudan are required to possess either a vaccination certificate or a location certificate issued by a Sudanese official centre stating that they have not been in Sudan south of 15°N within the previous 6 days.
伤寒疫苗
There is a risk of exposure to typhoid fever in this country through consumption of unsafe food and water. Since exposure to unsafe sources is variable within Egypt, the vaccination against typhoid fever is generally recommended, especially when visiting smaller cities, rural areas, or staying with friends and family.
脊髓灰质炎疫苗
A single lifetime booster dose of Inactivated Polio Vaccine (IPV) is recommended for adults who received the routine polio vaccination series as children
麻疹，腮腺炎，风疹（MMR）疫苗
One dose of measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) is recommended to infants 6 to 11 months prior to international travel.
推荐药物治疗Egypt。
对于一些旅行者
抗疟药
Because the risk of exposure to malaria is so low, anti-malaria medications are not recommended.
需要注意的疾病为Egypt。
对于大多数旅行者来说
Hepatitis A
There is a significant risk for hepatitis A virus exposure in Egypt through contaminated food or water. Infection can still occur at tourist destinations and resorts.
Dengue Fever
Dengue fever has occurred in this country.
Hepatitis B
There is a significant risk for acquiring hepatitis B in Egypt.
对于一些旅行者
Hanta Virus
There is a risk of acquiring hantavirus in Egypt through contaminated food or by coming into contact with someone infected with the virus.
Zika Fever
There is an increased risk of this disease in this country.
Polio
There is a risk of acquiring Polio in the country and is transmitted from one person to another when droplets from a sneeze or cough of an infected person gets into the mouth of another person.
Measles
There is a risk of exposure to measles in the country.
African Tick Bite Fever
There is an increased risk of this disease in this country.
West Nile Fever
Outbreaks of West Nile virus occur in both tropical and temperate regions in Egypt.
Schistosomiasis
The parasite that causes schistosomiasis is found in the Nile delta area and the Nile valley of Egypt. Well-chlorinated swimming pools and contact with saltwater in oceans or seas will not put travellers at risk for schistosomiasis.
Malaria
There is a very limited risk for malaria from June to October in some areas. Although the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention states there is no malaria transmission, the World Health Organization reported some cases in El Faiyum Governorate in 2013. NaTHNac reports sporadic cases in the Aswan Governorate in 2014.
Typhoid Fever
Unvaccinated people can become infected through contaminated food and water in Egypt. The risk is higher when visiting smaller cities, villages, or rural areas where food and water sources may be contaminated.
Rift Valley Fever (RVF)
This disease may occur in the country.
Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever
This disease may occur in the country.
Yellow Fever
There is no risk of yellow fever transmission. However, a yellow fever vaccination certificate is required for travellers over 9 months of age arriving from countries with risk of yellow fever transmission and for travellers having transited more than 12 hours through an airport of a country with risk of yellow fever transmission. All arrivals from Sudan are required to possess either a vaccination certificate or a location certificate issued by a Sudanese official centre stating that they have not been in Sudan south of 15°N within the previous 6 days.
Rabies
Rabies occurs in this country. Travellers involved in outdoor activities (e.g., campers, hikers, bikers, adventure travellers, and cavers) may have direct contact with rabid dogs, bats, and other mammals. Those with occupational risks (such as veterinarians, wildlife professionals, researchers) and long-term travellers and expatriates are at higher risk.
Leishmaniasis
There is a very low risk of leishmaniasis in this country. There have been some cases in rural areas of Egypt, and those most at risk are soldiers, labourers and immuno-compromised adults.
安全保卫工作在Egypt
个人安全
Crime has increased in Egypt and kidnappings and carjackings are common, even during daylight hours. Travellers are advised not to resist carjackers as they will typically leave the driver unharmed if the driver does not resist. Petty crime, such as pickpocketing, may also be on the rise. Ensure that valuables are out of sight, bags and backpacks are monitored at all times, and personal belongings are secure.
There have been many reports of women being verbally and sexually harassed, particularly those travelling alone. Women should take cues from the local women - dress conservatively and maintain a formal demeanour at all times.
The incidence of road accidents is high in Egypt. Road travel may be dangerous due to poor road conditions, poor vehicle maintenance, and reckless driving. Exercise extreme caution in rural areas where roads may be unpaved and unlit at night. Avoid travelling after dark. Avoid travelling in taxis due to poor safety standards.
If travelling to coastal resorts, avoid road travel, and arrive and depart by air.
Laws in Egypt do not prohibit same-sex relations, however, members of the LGBTI community can be prosecuted under debauchery laws.
Strict drug and alcohol laws exist in Egypt. If caught in the possession of drugs, or consuming alcohol in public, travellers could face long prison sentences or even death.
Do not take photos of bridges, canals, and government or military establishments or personnel.
Travellers should take note of whether they will be travelling during the Islamic holy month of Ramadan. During this time, respect the religious practices of the country and avoid eating, drinking, and smoking in public between sunrise and sunset. Always dress conservatively to respect local customs.
There is no restriction on the practice of Christianity. However, it is against the law to encourage anyone to convert to the Christian faith.
It is illegal to express negative opinions, including on social media, about Egypt or make political comments about the government, the president, or security forces.
极端暴力
There is a threat of terrorism throughout Egypt. Terrorist attacks have occurred in the past throughout the country, including tourist locations. An extremely high risk area is North Sinai, here security forces are also targeted. Attacks can be indiscriminate and occur with no warning, including in Cairo. Travellers should remain vigilant, particularly around government facilities, religious buildings, and public areas.
政治动荡
There are frequent political demonstrations in Egypt which can escalate and turn violent without warning. Protests can occur across Cairo, Alexandria, Suez, Port Said and Ismailia. Minimize safety risk by avoiding all public gatherings and demonstrations. It is illegal for foreigners to participate in demonstrations.
应避免的区域
Avoid all travel to the Governorates of North Sinai (Shamal Sina) and South Sinai (Janub Sina) due to the significant increase in criminal activity, risk of terrorism and and overall unpredictable security situation. Borders with Sudan and Libya are porous, and bandits and armed groups are active in these areas. There is a high risk of kidnapping in Egypt, but specifically in North Sinai.
Avoid all travel to the Red Sea coastal, to Upper Egypt and to the Nile Valley historic sites due to high levels of civil unrest, strikes and threats of terrorism.
Seek local advice if travelling to areas in the desert or the coast, specifically the Mediterranean shore, the Western Desert, the Sinai Peninsula, and the western shore of the Gulf of Suez due to the risk of unexploded landmines. Known minefields may be enclosed in barbed wire but are not marked by signs.
Do not cross the Israeli border. Restrictions may be imposed at any time.
