Yemen

推荐接种Yemen的疫苗

对于大多数旅行者来说

乙肝疫苗

该国家存在感染乙型肝炎的巨大风险，因此，建议进行疫苗接种。

甲型肝炎疫苗

该国家存在接触甲型肝炎的巨大风险，因此，建议进行疫苗接种。

对于一些旅行者

脊髓灰质炎疫苗

Travellers who intend to visit Yemen for 4 weeks or more may be required to show proof of polio vaccination taken 4 weeks to 12 months prior to arrival in the country. Failure to produce this documentation may result in vaccination at the entry ports. Childhood vaccinations, including polio, should be up-to-date prior to travel.

麻疹，腮腺炎，风疹（MMR）疫苗

A dose of Measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine is recommended for all travellers over 6 months of age.

伤寒疫苗

在该国，由于食用不安全的食物和水，有遭受伤寒的危险。由于在这个国家/地区暴露于不安全来源的情况有所不同，因此通常建议接种伤寒疫苗，尤其是在访问可能污染食品和水源的较小城市或农村地区时。

霍乱疫苗

英国NaTHNaC向那些活动或病史使他们处于高风险，前往霍乱传播活跃地区的旅行者推荐口服霍乱疫苗。这些风险因素包括：援助人员；那些在霍乱暴发地区无法获得饮用水和医疗服务的人；对其进行疫苗接种可能被认为可能有益的旅行者，例如慢性病。 美国疾病预防控制中心向年龄在18-64岁且计划前往霍乱传播活跃地区的旅行者推荐霍乱疫苗。 CDC指出，大多数旅行者不会前往霍乱传播活跃的地区，安全的饮食和饮水习惯可以预防许多霍乱感染。

狂犬病疫苗

建议参加户外活动且可能与狂犬病的狗，蝙蝠和其他哺乳动物直接接触的旅行者接种狂犬病疫苗。那些有职业风险的人（例如兽医，野生动植物专业人士，研究人员）以及长期旅行者和外派人员面临的风险更高，应接种疫苗。

推荐药物治疗Yemen。

对于一些旅行者

抗疟药

对于抗疟疾药物，世界卫生组织和美国疾病预防控制中心建议使用阿托伐醌-异丙胍，强力霉素或甲氟喹。存在对氯喹的耐药性。

需要注意的疾病为Yemen。

对于大多数旅行者来说

Hepatitis A

也门通过被污染的食物或水接触甲型肝炎病毒的风险很高。

Hepatitis B

也门存在染上乙型肝炎的巨大风险。

Cholera

也门爆发霍乱疫情。除非生活或工作在卫生条件差，喝未经处理的水或前往偏远地区，否则旅行者的风险很低。

Dengue Fever

可能会爆发登革热。

Chikungunya Fever

该国发生基孔肯雅热。

对于一些旅行者

Hanta Virus

There is a risk of acquiring Hantavirus in this country through the consumption of food and water contaminated by an infected rodent or through rodent bites.

MERS

There is a risk of acquiring MERS-CoV in this country. Scientists do not fully understand how the MERS virus spreads. It is a viral infection transmitted through direct or indirect contact with infected camels or camel-related products. Limited person-to-person transmission through coughing and sneezing from infected persons, typically in healthcare settings, has also been reported. There is currently no vaccine to prevent MERS.

Rift Valley Fever (RVF)

Sporadic outbreaks of Rift Valley Fever (RVF) may occur in Yemen.

Leishmaniasis

There is a risk of acquiring Leishmaniasis in this country through sand fly bites, particularly between dusk to dawn. Adventure tourists, outdoor athletes, or humanitarian aid workers are at a higher risk.

Polio

Yemen is infected with vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 (cVDPV2) with the potential risk of global circulation. Unvaccinated or under-vaccinated travellers are at a higher risk if they come in direct contact with an infected person or through contaminated food and water, especially when visiting smaller cities, villages, or rural areas with poor hygiene standards.

Measles

There is a risk of Measles in this country, especially in infants aged 6 to 11 months.

Malaria

整个2000米以上的国家都有疟疾的风险，主要是从9月到2月。萨那没有风险。索科特拉岛的风险非常有限。

Typhoid Fever

未接种疫苗的人可能会在也门受到污染的食物和水的感染，尤其是在访问可能污染食物和水源的较小城市，村庄或农村地区时。

Schistosomiasis

这种疾病存在于也门，是通过与淡水接触，例如游泳，洗澡或漂流而获得的。氯化程度高的游泳池和海洋中与盐水的接触不会使旅行者面临血吸虫病的危险。

Tuberculosis

结核病发生在也门。前往也门的旅行者如果拜访患病的朋友或家人，在医疗保健领域工作或与一般人群保持密切接触，则有患结核病的风险。

Rabies

狂犬病发生在也门。参与户外活动的旅行者可能会与狂犬，蝙蝠和其他哺乳动物直接接触。那些有职业风险的人（例如兽医，野生动植物专业人士，研究人员）以及长期旅行者和外派人员面临的风险更高。

安全保卫工作在Yemen

个人安全

The threat to security and personal safety in Yemen is extremely high due to economic conditions, civil unrest, and active terrorist groups, including the al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP). The AQAP has claimed responsibility for many attacks in Yemen. The threat of kidnapping and terrorist attacks are extremely high. Westerners and places frequented by Westerners are actively targeted. The government of Yemen has limited control over parts of the country. Police do not always adhere to any sort of legal framework and may act unconventionally. For example, police may detain people without cause based on requests from tribes or influential families.

If travelling to Yemen, security arrangements are extremely important. Travellers may need to hire personal security escorts to ensure their safety.

Travel outside Sana’a requires a permit that could take up to 24 hours to receive. Without this permit, a traveller could be detained or deported.

There is a high risk of carjacking. Due to the high risk of kidnapping, particularly of foreigners, do not use the Aden-Taiz-Sana’a highway. Routes in and out of cities can be blocked with little or no notice.

Weapons are easily available, and tribes and other groups can be heavily armed.

Although less of a problem in Yemen, petty crime does occur. Keep valuables secured and out of sight. Safeguard your important documents, such as your passport.

Women have been verbally and physically harassed in this country and should exercise caution. Always wear a head covering, avoid eye contact with men, and cover arms and legs. Unaccompanied women can be targeted.

极端暴力

Extreme violence is common in Yemen. The security situation is unstable and unpredictable. There is a very high threat of terrorist attack and kidnapping. Westerners are targeted. Any international worker or visitor could be targeted (including westerners of Yemeni origin, journalists, tourists, students, teachers, and workers with the United Nations, non-governmental organizations, and oil and gas companies). Your country of origin may not be able to protect you or secure your safe release if you are kidnapped.

政治动荡

Civil unrest and armed conflict occur frequently in Yemen, and the overall situation remains volatile.

应避免的区域

Do not travel to Yemen (including the island of Socotra) due to ongoing armed conflict, and the very high threat of kidnapping and terrorism.