Gambia
关于Gambia
| 货币 | Gambian dalasi (GMD) |
| 语言 | English |
| 资本 | Banjul |
The Gambia is in West Africa surrounded by Senegal and with about 80 kilometres of coastline bordering the North Atlantic Ocean on the west. The country is about 300 miles long and about 15 miles wide, with the Gambia River running east to west through the middle of the country. The population is about 1.8 million people. The Gambia’s government is a republic with a president serving as chief of state and head of government.
This country achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1965 and has experienced long periods of stability. The Gambia is considered to be one of the safest countries in Africa.
Gambia’s economy is greatly dependent upon agriculture, specifically peanuts, however, less than half of the arable land is cultivated. The tourism sector brings in about one-fifth of the gross domestic product. Tourists can enjoy many wildlife reserves, such as the River Gambia National Park or Kiang West National Park, eco-tourism, and beautiful beaches on the North Atlantic Ocean.
推荐接种Gambia的疫苗
对于大多数旅行者来说
乙肝疫苗
在这个国家，存在接触乙型肝炎的巨大风险。建议接种疫苗。
甲型肝炎疫苗
在这个国家，有暴露于甲型肝炎的巨大风险。建议接种疫苗。
对于一些旅行者
霍乱疫苗
英国NaTHNaC向那些活动或病史使他们处于高风险，前往霍乱传播活跃地区的旅行者推荐口服霍乱疫苗。这些风险因素包括：援助人员；那些在霍乱暴发地区无法获得饮用水和医疗服务的人；对其进行疫苗接种可能被认为可能有益的旅行者，例如慢性病。美国疾病预防控制中心向年龄在18-64岁且计划前往霍乱传播活跃地区的旅行者推荐霍乱疫苗。 CDC指出，大多数旅行者不会前往霍乱传播活跃的地区，安全的饮食和饮水习惯可以预防许多霍乱感染。
狂犬病疫苗
建议参加可能与狂犬病，蝙蝠和其他哺乳动物直接接触的户外活动旅行者（例如，露营者，远足者，骑自行车的人，冒险旅行者和洞穴探险者）接种狂犬病疫苗。那些有职业风险的人（例如兽医，野生动植物专业人士，研究人员）以及长期旅行者和外派人员面临的风险更高，应接种疫苗。
麻疹，腮腺炎，风疹（MMR）疫苗
One dose of measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) is recommended to infants 6 to 11 months prior to international travel.
卡介苗芽孢杆菌（BCG）疫苗
A BCG vaccine is recommended for all unvaccinated adults and children under 16 years of age, staying in the country for more than 3 months. A tuberculin skin test is required prior to administering vaccination for all children from 6 years of age.
脑膜炎疫苗
由于该国位于撒哈拉以南的脑膜炎带，如果在旱季（12月至6月）旅行，建议接种脑膜炎疫苗。
黄热病疫苗
来自有黄热病传播危险国家的9个月及以上的旅客需要获得黄热病疫苗接种证明。建议所有9个月以上的旅行者都服用黄热病疫苗。
伤寒疫苗
由于冈比亚暴露于不安全的食物和水的来源是多种多样的，因此通常建议接种伤寒疫苗，尤其是在访问水和食物可能不安全的较小城市，农村地区时。
推荐药物治疗Gambia。
对于一些旅行者
抗疟药
建议所有前往冈比亚的旅行者使用抗疟疾药物。推荐的药物包括阿托万醌-丙胍，强力霉素或甲氟喹。存在对氯喹和磺胺多辛-乙胺嘧啶的抗性。
需要注意的疾病为Gambia。
对于大多数旅行者来说
Hepatitis A
在冈比亚，存在甲型肝炎病毒暴露的重大风险。
Hepatitis B
在冈比亚，存在乙型肝炎的重大风险。
Cholera
该国经常爆发霍乱。
Dengue Fever
登革热在这个国家发生。
Chikungunya Fever
基孔肯雅热在这个国家发生。
对于一些旅行者
West Nile Fever
The virus is transmitted to animals, birds and humans by mosquitoes. Symptoms include fever, headache, tiredness, body aches, nausea, and skin rash.
Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever
There is a risk of acquiring the Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic fever in the Gambia.
Leishmaniasis
There is a risk of acquiring Leishmaniasis in the country. The infection is transmitted by the bite of infected phlebotomine sandfly.
Hanta Virus
There is a risk of acquiring hantavirus in the Gambia through contaminated food or by coming into contact with someone infected with the virus
Rift Valley Fever (RVF)
Commonly spread via contact with domesticated animals infected with the virus. These include cattle, buffalo, sheep, goats, and camels, among others.
Measles
There is a risk of exposure to measles in the country.
Rabies
狂犬病存在于这个国家。
Malaria
这个国家全年都有严重的疟疾风险。
African Tick Bite Fever
这种疾病可能在该国发生。
Zika Fever
这种疾病可能在该国发生。
Yellow Fever
这个国家有黄热病传播的危险。这个国家/地区要求9岁以上且有黄热病传播危险的国家/地区的旅行者提供黄热病疫苗接种证书。建议所有9个月以上的旅行者使用黄热病疫苗。
Typhoid Fever
未接种疫苗的人会因冈比亚受污染的食物和水而受到感染，尤其是在访问水和食物可能不安全的较小城市，村庄或农村地区时，尤其如此。
Schistosomiasis
这种疾病存在于这个国家，并且是通过与淡水接触（例如游泳，洗澡或漂流）而获得的。氯化程度高的游泳池和海洋中与盐水的接触不会使旅行者面临血吸虫病的危险。
Tuberculosis
结核病发生在这个国家。如果去探望患病的朋友或家人，在医疗保健领域工作或与一般人群密切接触，前往该国的旅行者有患肺结核的危险。
Meningitis
冈比亚位于撒哈拉以南脑膜炎带，在干燥季节（12月至6月）可能会爆发脑膜炎。
安全保卫工作在Gambia
个人安全
Although The Gambia is considered to be one of the safest African countries, petty crime and theft against tourists are increasing. Theft of passports and also valuables from hotel rooms is increasing. Some tourists have had their passports stolen by individuals posing as security at the international airport, therefore, ask to see a photo ID badge. Tourists have been mugged when walking on the beach alone at night. Pickpocketing is common in markets, on ferries, and along the beaches in resort areas.
In general, while travelling, avoid carrying large amounts of cash and keep valuables out of sight. Arrange for alternative ways to access your money since credit cards are not widely accepted and there are very few ATMs. Travellers may have trouble exchanging currency other than British Pounds outside of the resort areas and the city of Banjul.
Road travel may be dangerous due to poor road conditions, poorly lit roads at night and reckless driving. Exercise extreme caution if driving in rural areas or driving during the rainy season when roads may be washed out. Avoid travelling after dark
Politely avoid conversation or help from young unemployed men, referred to as “bumsters” who hustle tourists to try to receive money from them.
Travellers are advised against accepting “free rides” from anyone in a vehicle without a yellow license plate. Public taxis are safe and inexpensive.
Travellers are advised to carry proof of prescriptions for medications as some citizens have been detained for possession of unmarked pills. There are heavy penalties for illegal drugs, and many prescription drugs may be considered illegal in The Gambia.
LGBTI travellers should note that there is no social tolerance for same-sex relations and same-sex relations are illegal. Private citizens have the power to make arrests for offences “against the order of nature” according to the Gambian Criminal Code. Increasingly, there has been homophobic rhetoric from the government.
Travellers should take note of whether they will be travelling during the Islamic holy month of Ramadan. During this time, respect the religious practices of the country and avoid eating, drinking and smoking in public between sunrise and sunset. Always dress and behave conservatively to respect local customs.
Seek advice from local authorities as to which beaches are safe.
Tourism infrastructure is limited outside of Banjul.
Taking photographs of airports, embassies and government and military installations is illegal.
政治动荡
Political protests in The Gambia, have become more frequent in recent years. Such events tend to draw large groups of people and even peaceful demonstrations can turn violent at any time.
应避免的区域
Avoid land travel through the Casamance area along the border with southern Senegal. Travellers have been attacked on roads leading north from Ziguinchor to Banjul. There have been reports of armed banditry, and the personal security situation is unpredictable.
