Israel
关于Israel
| 货币 | Shekel (ILS) |
| 语言 | Hebrew and Arabic |
| 资本 | Jerusalem |
The State of Israel is located in the Middle East between Egypt and Lebanon and on the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea. Israel also borders Syria, Jordan and the West Bank, and the Gaza Strip. The population is approximately 7.5 million people.
The government of Israel is a parliamentary democracy. A president is chief of state elected by the Knesset and has mainly a ceremonial role. A prime minister is head of government.
Although the area was an ancient Hebrew kingdom and the birthplace of Christianity, Israel has been a country only since 1948. Since that time, Israel has fought a series of wars with neighbouring Arab states and has occupied territories, including the West Bank, Sinai Peninsula, Gaza Strip and the Golan Heights. Israel has signed peace treaties with Egypt and Jordan, however, there has been only limited success resolving border disputes.
Israel is a developed country with a technologically advanced economy. The main financial center is Tel Aviv, and the main industrial center is Haifa. Israel is a major destination for travellers since the land has great religious importance and is considered holy. Although continually under threat of violence, Israel has such rigid security that travel is relatively safe.
推荐接种Israel的疫苗
对于大多数旅行者来说
甲型肝炎疫苗
Although the risk of hepatitis A is low, the vaccination is recommended.
乙肝疫苗
Although the risk of hepatitis B is low, the vaccination is recommended.
对于一些旅行者
伤寒疫苗
Although there is a low risk of exposure to typhoid fever in this country, the vaccine is recommended for travellers who visit smaller cities, villages, or rural areas and stay with friends or relatives, especially in the West Bank in Gaza.
麻疹，腮腺炎，风疹（MMR）疫苗
A dose of Measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine is recommended for all travellers over 6 months of age.
脊髓灰质炎疫苗
Travellers who intend to visit Israel for 4 weeks or more may be required to show proof of polio vaccination taken 4 weeks to 12 months prior to arrival in the country. Failure to produce this documentation may result in vaccination at the entry ports. Childhood vaccinations, including polio, should be up-to-date prior to travel.
狂犬病疫苗
Vaccination against rabies is recommended for travellers involved in outdoor activities (e.g., campers, hikers, adventure travellers, and cavers) who may have direct contact with rabid dogs, bats, and other mammals. Those with occupational risks (such as veterinarians, wildlife professionals, researchers) and long-term travellers and expatriates are at higher risk and should be vaccinated.
推荐药物治疗Israel。
目前还没有关于Israel的建议。
需要注意的疾病为Israel。
对于大多数旅行者来说
Hepatitis A
There is a low risk of hepatitis A in Israel.
Hepatitis B
There is a low risk of hepatitis B in Israel.
对于一些旅行者
MERS
There is a risk of acquiring MERS-CoV in this country. Scientists do not fully understand how the MERS virus spreads. It is a viral infection transmitted through direct or indirect contact with infected camels or camel-related products. Limited person-to-person transmission through coughing and sneezing from infected persons, typically in healthcare settings, has also been reported. There is currently no vaccine to prevent MERS.
Hanta Virus
There is a risk of acquiring Hantavirus in this country through the consumption of food and water contaminated by an infected rodent or through rodent bites.
Leishmaniasis
There is a risk of acquiring Leishmaniasis in this country through sand fly bites, particularly between dusk to dawn. Adventure tourists, outdoor athletes, or humanitarian aid workers are at a higher risk.
Measles
There is a risk of Measles in this country, especially in infants aged 6 to 11 months.
Polio
Israel may be infected with vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 (cVDPV2) and type 3 (cVDPV3) with the potential risk of global circulation. Unvaccinated or under-vaccinated travellers are at a higher risk if they come in direct contact with an infected person or through contaminated food and water, especially when visiting smaller cities, villages, or rural areas with poor hygiene standards.
West Nile Fever
Outbreaks of West Nile virus occur in Israel.
Typhoid Fever
There is a very low risk that unvaccinated people can become infected through contaminated food and water in this country. However, the U.S. CDC reports that the risk of typhoid fever is confined to the West Bank in Gaza.
Rabies
Rabies occurs in this country. Travellers involved in outdoor activities (e.g., campers, hikers, adventure travellers, and cavers) may have direct contact with rabid dogs, bats, and other mammals. Those with occupational risks (such as veterinarians, wildlife professionals, researchers) and long-term travellers and expatriates are at higher risk.
安全保卫工作在Israel
个人安全
On 7 October, Hamas-led Palestinian militant groups launched a massive assault on Israel by firing a barrage of rockets from Gaza. Hamas cited tensions regarding the Al-Aqsa Mosque and the expansion of Jewish settlements as the reasons for the attack. They have named this attack as “Operation al-Aqsa Flood”. Militants infiltrated Israeli territory, attacking military installations and civilians, and taking many as hostages. The Israeli Defense Forces (IDF) launched airstrikes in Gaza in response and dubbed their counteroffensive as “Operation Iron Swords”. This attack occurred during the Jewish holiday of Simchat Torah on Shabbat, one day after the 50th anniversary of the beginning of the Yom Kippur War, which also started with a surprise attack. The armed conflicts are still ongoing. On 8 October, there were clashes reported near the Israel-Lebanon border involving the IDF and Lebanese armed groups. It is likely that further escalation will occur in this area. Major international airlines have temporarily suspended flights to and from Israel due to the security situation in the country. Border areas with Israel are particularly dangerous and heavily guarded. Land borders with Egypt, Lebanon, Jordan and Syria may be closed. Many countries have advised their citizens to avoid non-essential travel to high-risk areas in Israel. Foreign nationals in Israel in need of emergency evacuation and assistance should contact their respective embassies.
极端暴力
The threat of terrorism is high in Israel. Terrorist incidents have occurred in a variety of locations in major populated centers (including Tel Aviv, Eilat, Haifa, Beersheba, Netanya, and others), causing death and injuries. Incidents could be unpredictable and there is a strong risk that foreigners, although not directly targeted, could end up in the middle of highly dangerous situations. Travellers visiting urban areas should exercise caution, stay informed of the present security situation, monitor local news reports and follow the advice of local authorities, especially during periods of religious holidays, such as Rosh Hashanah, Ramadan and Pesach (Passover).
政治动荡
Large political gatherings and demonstrations occur frequently and should be avoided as they can become violent. Travellers should obey government checkpoints, which may be set up without warning.
应避免的区域
Travellers are strongly advised to completely avoid travel to all regions surrounding the Gaza Strip and of the West Bank due to civil unrest, violence, the risk of rocket and mortar launches, gunfire and of ongoing military activity. The security situation is highly unpredictable and dangerous. There is a continuing threat to any traveller present in these areas of being caught in the crossfire of violence, as well as of being kidnapped. If it is absolutely necessary to go to these regions, travellers are recommended to exercise extreme caution at all times, monitor news reports and follow the advice of local authorities. Passports should be carried at all times and alternative travel arrangements should be ready in case of rapid deterioration in the security situation. Land borders with Egypt, Lebanon, Jordan and Syria may be closed. Many countries advised their citizens to avoid non-essential travel to high-risk localities in Israel.
