Eswatini
关于Eswatini
| 货币 | Swazi lilangeni (SZL) |
| 语言 | English; siSwati |
| 资本 | Mbabane is the administrative capital; Lobanba is the royal and legislative capital |
Eswatini is located in Africa between South Africa and Mozambique. The population is about 1.4 million, and the majority of the people are of the same tribe. The government is a parliamentary monarchy with a king as chief of state and a prime minister as head of government. Eswatini gained independence from the United Kingdom in 1968. In 1972, the king suspended the constitution and had absolute rule until his death in 1982. Civil unrest in the 1990s paved the way for reforms, and the king signed a constitution in 2005. However, aspects of the constitution are still being debated between progressive groups and the government, and the king retains ultimate power.
Economically, Eswatini relies heavily on South Africa. About two-thirds of Swazis live below the poverty line and food shortages are widespread. The country also suffers from the effects of AIDS with about one-quarter of the population infected with this disease. Life expectancy has dropped.
Eswatini does have some well-developed tourist facilities. Travellers may be interested in one of the world’s oldest mines in Ngwenya, the large variety of wildlife, wildlife and nature reserves, and the very friendly people.
Although the official currency is the Swazi lilangeni, South African rands (notes only) are also accepted.
推荐接种Eswatini的疫苗
对于大多数旅行者来说
甲型肝炎疫苗
There is a significant risk of exposure to hepatitis A for this country, therefore, the vaccination is recommended.
乙肝疫苗
There is a significant risk of infection with hepatitis B for this country, therefore, the vaccination is recommended.
对于一些旅行者
卡介苗芽孢杆菌（BCG）疫苗
BCG vaccine is recommended for those at increased risk from coming in close contact with infected persons or for unvaccinated, children under 16 years of age, who are going to live in the country for more than 3 months.
麻疹，腮腺炎，风疹（MMR）疫苗
A dose of Measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine is recommended for infants aged 6 to 11 months.
黄热病疫苗
There is no risk for yellow fever in this country. However, this country requires a yellow fever vaccination certificate for travellers aged 9 months or over arriving from countries with risk of yellow fever transmission and for travellers having transited through an airport of a country with risk of yellow fever transmission.
霍乱疫苗
The U.K. NaTHNaC recommends the oral cholera vaccine for some travellers whose activities or medical history put them at increased risk, travelling to areas of active cholera transmission. These risk factors include: aid workers; those going to areas of cholera outbreaks who have limited access to potable water and medical care; travellers for whom the vaccination would be considered potentially beneficial, such as chronic medical conditions.
狂犬病疫苗
Vaccination against rabies is recommended for travellers involved in outdoor activities (e.g., campers, hikers, bikers, adventure travellers, and cavers) who may have direct contact with rabid dogs, bats, and other mammals. Those with occupational risks (such as veterinarians, wildlife professionals, researchers) and long-term travellers and expatriates are at higher risk and should be vaccinated.
伤寒疫苗
There is a risk of exposure to typhoid fever in this country through consumption of unsafe food and water. Since exposure to unsafe sources is variable within this country, the vaccination against typhoid fever is generally recommended, especially when visiting smaller cities or rural areas, where food and water sources may be contaminated.
推荐药物治疗Eswatini。
对于一些旅行者
抗疟药
Recommended anti-malaria medications include atovaquone-proguanil, mefloquine or doxycycline. Resistance to chloroquine and sulfadoxime-pyrimethamine has been reported.
需要注意的疾病为Eswatini。
对于大多数旅行者来说
Hepatitis A
There is a significant risk for hepatitis A virus exposure in Swaziland through contaminated food or water.
Hepatitis B
There is a significant risk for acquiring hepatitis B in Eswatini.
Chikungunya Fever
Chikungunya fever may occur in Eswatini.
Dengue Fever
Outbreaks of dengue fever may occur.
Cholera
Cholera outbreaks occur in Eswatini. The risk to travellers is low unless living or working in poor sanitary conditions, drinking untreated water or eating poorly cooked or raw seafood in this country.
对于一些旅行者
West Nile Fever
The virus is transmitted to animals, birds and humans by mosquitoes. Symptoms include fever, headache, tiredness, body aches, nausea, and skin rash.
Rift Valley Fever (RVF)
Sporadic outbreaks of Rift Valley Fever (RVF) may occur in this country. Commonly spread via contact with domesticated animals infected with the virus. These include cattle, buffalo, sheep, goats, and camels, among others.
Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever
There is a risk of acquiring Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever in this country through specific insect, bug or tick bites or by coming in close contact with a person or animal infected with this disease. Travellers involved in activities like hiking, camping, working with animals, and visiting farms and forested areas are at a higher risk. There are no vaccinations (or medications) to prevent Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever.
Hanta Virus
There is a risk of acquiring Hantavirus in this country through the consumption of food and water contaminated by an infected rodent or through rodent bites.
Measles
There is a risk of acquiring Measles in this country.
Malaria
There is a risk of malaria in eastern regions bordering Mozambique and South Africa. This includes all of the Lubumbo district and Big Bend, Hhohho, Manzini, Shiselweni and Mhlume, Simunye, and Tshaneni.
Sleeping Sickness (Type 1)
This disease may occur in the country. Esta enfermedad puede ocurrir en el país. Cette maladie peut survenir dans le pays.
Yellow Fever
There is no risk for yellow fever in this country. However, this country requires a yellow fever vaccination certificate for travellers aged 9 months or over arriving from countries with risk of yellow fever transmission and for travellers having transited through an airport of a country with risk of yellow fever transmission.
Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis occurs in Eswatini. Travellers to this country are at risk for tuberculosis if visiting sick friends or family, working in the healthcare field, or having close prolonged contact with a sick person.
Typhoid Fever
Unvaccinated people can become infected through contaminated food and water in Eswatini, especially when visiting smaller cities, villages, or rural areas where food and water sources may be contaminated.
Schistosomiasis
This disease is present in Eswatini and is acquired through contact with fresh water, such as swimming, bathing, or rafting. Well-chlorinated swimming pools and contact with saltwater in oceans or seas will not put travellers at risk for schistosomiasis.
Rabies
Rabies occurs in Eswatini. Travellers involved in outdoor activities (e.g., campers, hikers, bikers, adventure travellers, and cavers) may have direct contact with rabid dogs, bats, and other mammals. Those with occupational risks (such as veterinarians, wildlife professionals, researchers) and long-term travellers and expatriates are at higher risk.
African Tick Bite Fever
This disease may occur in this country. Ticks that cause this disease are usually most active from November through April. Travellers engaging in outdoor activities such as camping, hiking, and game hunting in wooded, brushy, or grassy areas may be at a higher risk.
安全保卫工作在Eswatini
个人安全
Most travellers have no difficulty in Eswatini. However, minor offenses, such as pickpocketing, bag-snatching theft, or other theft occur. Always take precautions for personal safety. Keep your valuables secure and out of sight. Protect your important documents, such as your passport. Avoid walking alone at night. Carjacking and armed robbery do occur.
A large part of the population lives below the poverty line. Be sensitive and avoid displaying valuables or large amounts of food in front of the local population.
When crossing the border, soldiers have the right to search people and vehicles. Do not cross the border at night due to the risk of carjackings.
Major roads are good, however, rural roads can be dangerous, especially during the night. Drivers do not follow the rules of the road, animals can roam on the roads, vehicles may lack lights and roads may be unlit.
Crocodiles are a common danger when swimming in lakes and rivers. When observing wildlife, do so at a safe distance, with a professional guide.
When using taxis, use caution, and use a taxi from a reputable company. It is advisable to call someone and give them the taxi plate number. Do not use public transportation as safety standards are poor.
Exercise caution if using mini-bus taxis, known as khumbis, due to poor maintenance. Avoid taking photos of government buildings, military installations, armed forces, royal residences, or official ceremonies as it is illegal.
Same-sex relations are illegal in Eswatini, and LGBTI people face discrimination, violence, and harassment.
Always behave and dress conservatively to respect local sensitivities.
政治动荡
Protests and demonstrations do occur occasionally in Eswatini. Police have used force to disperse crowds or control these situations. Always avoid public gatherings of people or demonstrations, since these situations can escalate and turn violent unexpectedly.
应避免的区域
The downtown areas of Mbabane and Manzini are dangerous after dark due to the risk of criminal activities such as armed carjacking, burglary, car theft, and mugging.
