Panama

推荐接种Panama的疫苗

对于大多数旅行者来说

乙肝疫苗

There is a significant risk of infection with hepatitis B for this country, therefore, the vaccination is recommended.

甲型肝炎疫苗

There is a significant risk of exposure to hepatitis A for this country, therefore, the vaccination is recommended.

对于一些旅行者

黄热病疫苗

There is a risk of yellow fever transmission in some areas of Panama. Panama requires a yellow fever vaccination certificate from travellers over 1 year of age arriving from countries with risk of yellow fever transmission. A yellow fever vaccination is recommended for all travellers aged 9 months or over travelling to all mainland areas east of the area surrounding the Canal (the entire Comarcas of Emberá and Kuna Yala, the province of Darién and areas of the provinces of Colón and Panama that are east of the Canal). The yellow fever vaccination is not recommended for travellers whose itineraries are limited to areas west of the Canal, the city of Panama, the Canal area itself, and the Balboa Islands (Pearl Islands) and San Blas Islands.

伤寒疫苗

There is a risk of exposure to typhoid fever in this country through consumption of unsafe food and water. Since exposure to unsafe sources is variable within this country, the vaccination against typhoid fever is generally recommended especially when visiting smaller cities or rural areas, where food and water sources may be contaminated.

狂犬病疫苗

Vaccination against rabies is recommended for travellers involved in outdoor activities (e.g., campers, hikers, adventure travellers, and cavers) who may have direct contact with rabid dogs, bats, and other mammals. Those with occupational risks (such as veterinarians, wildlife professionals, researchers) and long-term travellers and expatriates are at higher risk and should be vaccinated.

推荐药物治疗Panama。

对于一些旅行者

抗疟药

Recommended anti-malaria medications include atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, primaquine, or tafenoquine. Resistance to chloroquine has been reported.

需要注意的疾病为Panama。

对于大多数旅行者来说

Hepatitis B

There is a significant risk for acquiring hepatitis B in Panama.

Dengue Fever

There is a risk of dengue in this country.

Hepatitis A

There is a significant risk for hepatitis A virus exposure in Panama through contaminated food or water. Infection can still occur at tourist destinations and resorts.

Chikungunya Fever

Chikungunya fever has occurred in this country.

对于一些旅行者

Malaria

Risk areas include the provinces of Bocas del Toro, Chiriqui, Columbus, Darien, Panama, Veraguas, Emberá, Kuna Yala, and Ngäbe-Buglé. There is no risk of malaria in the urban areas of Panama City or in the former Canal Zone.

Chagas Disease

American trypanosomiasis occurs in Panama. This disease is more common in rural areas, however, the risk of travellers acquiring this disease is low unless staying in very poor quality housing or camping.

Typhoid Fever

Unvaccinated people can become infected through contaminated food and water in Panama, especially when visiting smaller cities, villages, or rural areas where food and water sources may be contaminated.

Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis occurs in this country. Travellers to this country are at risk for tuberculosis if visiting sick friends or family, working in the health care field, or having close prolonged contact with the general population.

Leishmaniasis

Leishmaniasis occurs in Panama, particularly in the western or west-central areas. The risk of acquiring leishmaniasis is increased in travellers who spend time outdoors in rural areas and at night, when sand flies typically feed.

Zika Fever

There is transmission of the Zika virus in this country.

Yellow Fever

There is a risk of yellow fever transmission in some areas of Panama. Panama requires a yellow fever vaccination certificate from travellers over 1 year of age arriving from countries with risk of yellow fever transmission. A yellow fever vaccination is recommended for all travellers aged 9 months or over travelling to all mainland areas east of the area surrounding the Canal (the entire Comarcas of Emberá and Kuna Yala, the province of Darién and areas of the provinces of Colón and Panama that are east of the Canal). The yellow fever vaccination is not recommended for travellers whose itineraries are limited to areas west of the Canal, the city of Panama, the Canal area itself, and the Balboa Islands (Pearl Islands) and San Blas Islands.

Rabies

Rabies occurs in this country. Travellers involved in outdoor activities (e.g., campers, hikers, adventure travellers, and cavers) may have direct contact with rabid dogs, bats, and other mammals. Those with occupational risks (such as veterinarians, wildlife professionals, researchers) and long-term travellers and expatriates are at higher risk.

Hanta Virus

There is a low risk of accquiring Hanta Virus Infection in this country.

安全保卫工作在Panama

个人安全

Although most travellers do not have safety or security problems in Panama, however, there is a high level of criminal activity in this country. Remain alert to your surroundings and personal safety. Petty crime, such as pickpocketing and bag-snatching is common, especially at bus terminals, airports, and on public transportation in Panama City and Colon. Keep valuables secured and out of sight. Safeguard your important documents, such as your passport. Do not carry large amounts of cash. Exercise caution when using automatic bank teller machines (ATMs). Avoid walking alone at night.

There have been reports of robberies in restaurants in areas in Panama City, such as Obarrio, San Francisco and El Cangrejo.

More serious crime, such as muggings and armed robbery, can occur throughout the country. Criminals using scams that gain the trust of the victim have targeted foreigners and then other gang members rob the victim. “Express kidnappings” have been reported, where victims are forced to withdraw money from an ATM and then are released.

The following areas tend to be high crime areas: San Miguelito, El Chorillo, Río Abajo, 24 de Diciembre, Santa Ana, and Juan Diaz.

Use only registered yellow taxi companies, and insist that your driver does not pick up additional passengers.

Same-sex sexual activity is not illegal and resorts are generally welcoming LGBTI travellers. Public displays of affection between same-sex couples may not be welcomed by locals.

Roads in Panama are generally good, but drivers may not follow rules of the road and auto accidents are frequent.

极端暴力

Violent crime including gun violence occurs rarely in the country. There have been incidents of targeted gang assasinations in the country including tourist areas.

政治动荡

Travellers should avoid political gatherings and demonstrations, which sometimes occur in Panama City, as they can become violent with little warning.

应避免的区域

Avoid travel to remote areas of Darién Province and the areas along the Colombian border from the end of the Pan American Highway (southeast of Panama City) to the Colombian border. This includes parts of Darién National Park and tourist resorts in this area. Use air travel to reach these tourist areas and do not leave the protected resort areas. These areas are dangerous due to the risk of armed robberies, kidnappings and murder.

Avoid the “Mosquito Coast” area along the north coast bounded by Boca de Rio Chiriquí on the west and Coclé Del Norte on the east and stretching inward from the coast for five kilometers. This area is dangerous due to drug trafficking and other illegal activities.