Guatemala
关于Guatemala
| 货币 | Quetzal (GTQ) |
| 语言 | Spanish |
| 资本 | Guatemala City |
The Republic of Guatemala is located in Central America bordering Mexico, Belize, Honduras, El Salvador and with coastline on the Caribbean and the Pacific Ocean. The population is about 15 million people. Although Spanish is the official language, more than 20 indigenous languages are also spoken.
The government of Guatemala is a democratic republic with a president as chief of state and head of government. The country is a developing country and is one of the poorest countries in Latin America.
Guatemala was at the centre of Mayan culture and was one of the most important areas in Central America for about a thousand years before the Spanish arrived. Guatemala was a Spanish colony for about 300 years and achieved independence in 1821. The country went through a 36-year civil war that officially ended in 1996. More than 200,000 people were killed or disappeared, the majority being civilians.
Today Guatemala suffers from problems of social inequality, poverty, illiteracy, high infant mortality, with the life expectancy among the lowest in the region. Violent street gangs and organised crime have added to the social problems. Guatemala, however, is said to be one of the most beautiful countries in Latin America. Visitors can enjoy 14 eco-regions, Tikal National Park (a UNESCO World Heritage Site), the Maya Biosphere Reserve, mountains, and Mayan ruins.
推荐接种Guatemala的疫苗
对于大多数旅行者来说
甲型肝炎疫苗
There is a significant risk of exposure to hepatitis A for this country, therefore, the vaccination is recommended.
乙肝疫苗
There is a significant risk of infection with hepatitis B for this country, therefore, the vaccination is recommended.
对于一些旅行者
狂犬病疫苗
Vaccination against rabies is recommended for travellers involved in outdoor activities (e.g., campers, hikers, bikers, adventure travellers, and cavers) who may have direct contact with rabid dogs, bats, and other mammals. Those with occupational risks (such as veterinarians, wildlife professionals, researchers) and long-term travellers and expatriates are at higher risk and should be vaccinated.
伤寒疫苗
There is a risk of exposure to typhoid fever in this country through consumption of unsafe food and water. Since exposure to unsafe sources is variable within this country, the vaccination against typhoid fever is generally recommended, especially when visiting smaller cities, rural areas, or staying with friends and family.
黄热病疫苗
A yellow fever vaccination certificate is required for travellers over 1 year of age arriving from countries with risk of yellow fever transmission. Travellers transiting for more than 12 hours through an airport in a country/territory at risk for yellow fever transmission would also require a certificate.
推荐药物治疗Guatemala。
对于一些旅行者
抗疟药
Anti-malarial medication for Escuintia Province is atovaquone-proguanil, chloroquine, doxycycline, or mefloquine. For all other areas with malaria, the U.S. CDC recommends atovaquone-proguanil, chloroquine, doxycycline, mefloquine or primaquine. For these areas, NaTHNac and WHO only recommend chloroquine.
需要注意的疾病为Guatemala。
对于大多数旅行者来说
Hepatitis A
There is a significant risk for hepatitis A virus exposure in Guatemala.
Chikungunya Fever
Chikungunya fever has occurred in this country.
Dengue Fever
There is a risk of dengue fever throughout the year in Guatemala.
Hepatitis B
There is a significant risk for acquiring hepatitis B in Guatemala.
对于一些旅行者
Zika Fever
There is transmission of the Zika virus in this country.
Malaria
There is a low risk for malaria throughout the year at altitudes below 1,500 metres. There is moderate risk in the departments of Alta Verapaz, Escuintla, Izabal, Petén, Quiche, and Suchitapéquez. There is no risk in Antigua, Guatemala City, or Lake Atitlán.
Chagas Disease
The risk for travellers is extremely low. There is a higher risk if staying in poor quality housing that might harbour the insect that transmits this disease.
Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis occurs in this country. Travellers to this country are at risk for tuberculosis if visiting sick friends or family, working in the health care field, or having close prolonged contact with the general population.
Yellow Fever
There is no risk of yellow fever transmission. However, a yellow fever vaccination certificate is required for travellers over 1 year of age arriving from countries with risk of yellow fever transmission. Travellers transiting for more than 12 hours through an airport in a country/territory at risk for yellow fever transmission would also require a certificate.
Typhoid Fever
Unvaccinated people can become infected through contaminated food and water in Guatemala. The risk is higher when visiting smaller cities, villages, or rural areas where food and water sources may be contaminated.
Rabies
Rabies occurs in this country. Travellers involved in outdoor activities (e.g., campers, hikers, bikers, adventure travellers, and cavers) may have direct contact with rabid dogs, bats, and other mammals. Those with occupational risks (such as veterinarians, wildlife professionals, researchers) and long-term travellers and expatriates are at higher risk.
安全保卫工作在Guatemala
个人安全
Guatemala has one of the highest violent crime rates in all of Latin America. Tourists have been targeted arriving at the international airport and travelling to hotels in Antigua and Guatemala City. Try to schedule your arrival at the La Aurora Airport (Guatemala City) during daylight hours. If possible, travel with a reputable tour company or use an escort from the government-run tourist service. If possible, do not travel alone, particularly at night. Avoid low-cost hotels with minimal security. Avoid walking alone after dark.
Well-armed violent street gangs are becoming a problem throughout Guatemala. Always be alert to your surroundings, especially in cities. To avoid being targeted, never display signs of affluence, and keep cash and valuables out of sight, including cell phones or other electronic equipment.
There have been reports of increased vigilante justice in rural areas, resulting in hangings of suspected child kidnappers, etc.
Intercity travel by car can be dangerous, particularly at night, due to reckless driving, poor road conditions and poor vehicle maintenance. Try to travel during daylight and in a convoy if possible. Do not travel on public buses. The Inter-American (or Pan-American) Highway (CA-1) and the road from Guatemala City to the Atlantic Ocean are dangerous because of heavy traffic. Off-road travel in the remote highlands should be undertaken only after seeking advice from your embassy in Guatemala City. Always drive with car windows closed and doors locked. Roadblocks have been reported along roads leading to and from airports. Do not attempt to pass through a roadblock, even if it appears unattended.
The US dollar is the only currency freely exchanged in Guatemala.
Guatemala is at risk for forest fires, particularly between November and June. The Petén area is at highest risk. Hurricane season in Guatemala is between May-November. Flooding, landslides, major damage to infrastructure and disruption to travel plans may result. Due to its location in an active seismic zone, Guatemala also experiences earthquakes. There are active volcanos in Guatemala. Always be aware of the evacuation routes and, in the case of a natural disaster, follow the advice of local authorities.
LGBTI travellers should note that although same-sex relations are legal in Guatemala, there is a social intolerance towards same-sex behaviour. Avoid public displays of affection.
极端暴力
Violence related to organised crime, drug trafficking, and streets gangs occurs and has also been reported in the capital, Guatemala City, as well as in other major cities in the country. Foreigners are not usually targeted, but should remain vigilant to surroundings to avoid being caught in one of these situations.
政治动荡
Protests, strikes, blockades, and demonstrations occur, sometimes without warning causing disruption to traffic, utilities and public transport. These situations have become violent in the past. Travellers should minimize risk by avoiding all public gatherings and demonstrations. If foreigners choose to participate in demonstrations, this could lead to deportation and denial of future entry in Guatemala.
应避免的区域
Avoid all areas bordering El Salvador, Honduras and northern areas along the border with Mexico due to armed attacks due and drug-related violence.
Exercise extreme caution in Guatemala City due to violent crime, robberies, assault, rape, and carjackings.
Due to civil unrest and violent crime, always check with local authorities if considering travel to the Department of Peten (including the tourist site of Tikal) or the Department of Izabal, especially the areas of Rio Dulce, Livingston, Lake Izabal, and Puerto Barrios.
