ネパール

0}のために推奨される予防接種

ほとんどの旅行者の方へ

B型肝炎ワクチン

There is a significant risk of infection with hepatitis B for this country, therefore, the vaccination is recommended.

A型肝炎ワクチン

There is a significant risk of exposure to hepatitis A for this country, therefore, the vaccination is recommended.

一部の旅行者のために

ポリオワクチン

There is no risk of polio in this country. However, proof of polio vaccination may be necessary for some travellers.

BacillusCalmette-Guérin（BCG）ワクチン

BCG vaccine is recommended for those at increased risk from coming in close contact with infected persons or for unvaccinated, children under 16 years of age, who are going to live in Nepal for more than 3 months.

はしか、おたふく風邪、風疹（MMR）ワクチン

A dose of Measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine is recommended for all travellers over 6 months of age.

日本脳炎ワクチン

Whether or not a traveller should receive this vaccine depends considerably on the itinerary and activities of the traveller. In Nepal, between July and December, if the itinerary includes the southern lowlands, the Kathmandu Valley, and the western Terai districts of Bankey, Bardia, Dang, and Kailali, vaccination is recommended.

コレラワクチン

The U.K. NaTHNaC recommends the oral cholera vaccine for some travellers whose activities or medical history put them at increased risk, travelling to areas of active cholera transmission. These risk factors include: aid workers; those going to areas of cholera outbreaks who have limited access to potable water and medical care; travellers for whom the vaccination would be considered potentially beneficial, such as chronic medical conditions. The U.S. CDC recommends the cholera vaccine for all travellers who plan to travel to areas of active cholera transmission. CDC notes that most travellers do not travel to areas of active cholera transmission, and that safe food and water practices can prevent many cholera infections.

腸チフスワクチン

There is a risk of exposure to typhoid fever in this country through consumption of unsafe food and water. Since exposure to unsafe sources is variable within this country, the vaccination against typhoid fever is generally recommended, especially when visiting smaller cities or rural areas, where food and water sources may be contaminated.

狂犬病ワクチン

Vaccination against rabies is recommended for travellers involved in outdoor activities (e.g., campers, hikers, adventure travellers, and cavers) who may have direct contact with rabid dogs, bats, and other mammals. Those with occupational risks (such as veterinarians, wildlife professionals, researchers) and long-term travellers and expatriates are at higher risk and should be vaccinated.

黄熱病ワクチン

The yellow fever vaccination is not recommended for this country. However, this country requires a yellow fever vaccination certificate for travellers 1 year of age and older arriving from countries with risk of yellow fever transmission and for travellers having transited more than 12 hours through an airport of a country with risk of yellow fever transmission.

0}のために推奨される薬

一部の旅行者のために

抗マラリア薬

Recommended anti-malaria medications include atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, or mefloquine. Anti-malaria drug resistance for chloroquine is present.

0}のために注意すべき病気

ほとんどの旅行者の方へ

B型肝炎

There is a significant risk for acquiring hepatitis B in Nepal.

デング熱

Dengue fever outbreaks have occurred in Nepal, and the risk to travellers is significant. Outbreaks have occurred in the following districts: Banke, Bardiya, Dang, Jhapa, Parsa, Rupandehi, Kapilbastu, Dhading, and Kathmandu.

A型肝炎

There is a significant risk for hepatitis A virus exposure in Nepal through contaminated food or water. Infection can still occur at tourist destinations and resorts.

コレラ

There is a risk of cholera transmission in some areas of the country.

一部の旅行者のために

Hanta Virus

There is a risk of acquiring Hantavirus in this country through the consumption of food and water contaminated by an infected rodent or through rodent bites.

麻疹

There is a risk of Measles in this country, especially in infants aged 6 to 11 months.

マラリア

All areas at altitudes less than 2,000 meters are at risk for malaria, including rural areas in Terai districts bordering India. No malaria in Kathmandu.

Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis occurs Nepal. Travellers are at risk when visiting friends or family, working in the health care field, or having close prolonged contact with the general population.

腸チフス

Unvaccinated people can become infected through contaminated food and water in Nepal, especially when visiting smaller cities, villages, or rural areas where food and water sources may be contaminated.

黄熱病

There is no risk of yellow fever transmission in this country. However, a yellow fever vaccination certificate is required for travellers 1 year of age and older arriving from countries with risk of yellow fever transmission and for travellers having transited more than 12 hours through an airport of a country with risk of yellow fever transmission.

日本脳炎

In Nepal, outbreaks of Japanese encephalitis may occur between the months of July and December in the southern lowlands and in the Kathmandu Valley with the highest rates reported in the western Terai districts of Bankey, Bardia, Dang, and Kailali. The risk for travellers of contracting Japanese encephalitis is low, but visiting the listed areas and extensive outdoor activity in rural areas will increase this risk.

狂犬病

Rabies occurs in this country. Travellers involved in outdoor activities (e.g., campers, hikers, adventure travellers, and cavers) may have direct contact with rabid dogs, bats, and other mammals. Those with occupational risks (such as veterinarians, wildlife professionals, researchers) and long-term travellers and expatriates are at higher risk.

リーシュマニア症

Leishmaniasis is becoming more common in Nepal. Sporadic cases have been reported in Dharan [Province One], Makwanpur and Dhading [Province Three], Tanahun [Province Four], Nepalgunj [Province Five], and Dolpa [Province Six]. Cases have also occurred in the eastern Terai region of Nepal which lies adjacent to Bihar state in India. It is usually more common in rural than urban areas, and the risk of acquiring leishmaniasis is increased in travellers who spend time outdoors in rural areas and at night when sand flies typically feed.

0}の安全・安心

個人の安全性

旅行者は、ネパールの周囲の環境と個人の安全を常に意識する必要があります。特に観光ホテルや観光登山グループに対して武装強盗が時々発生します。スリなどのささいな犯罪も、観光地、ホテルの部屋、公共交通機関でよく見られます。犯罪は、9月から11月までのフェスティバルシーズン中に増加します。私物は常に安全に保管してください。暗くなってからの旅行は避けてください。旅行者は、高価な衣服などの豊かさの兆候を見せないようにしてください。特に女性の旅行者は、嫌がらせや言葉による虐待を避けるために保守的な服を着るべきです。ネパールではトレッキングが危険な場合があります。毛沢東派が人気のあるハイキングコースで「寄付」を求め、寄付が提供されていないときにクライマーを脅したり傷つけたりするという報告があります。旅行者は、怪我を避けて事故を報告するために、これらの要求に従う必要があります。空輸や救助などの緊急サービスがすぐに利用できない場合があり、死亡につながる事故が発生しています。トレッカーは、評判の良いトレッキング会社から経験豊富なガイドを雇い、決して単独でトレッキングしないことをお勧めします。トレッカーはまた、緊急医療および救助サービスをカバーする旅行保険に加入していることを確認する必要があります。可能な場合、公共交通機関は避けてください。バスを含む深刻な衝突が頻繁に発生し、特に夜間に死亡や重傷を負います。バスは混雑しており、整備が不十分である可能性があり、ドライバーは道路の標準規則に従わない場合があります。一般に、観光バスの方が安全です。ネパールのモンスーンシーズンは通常6月から9月までです。この期間中の農村部への旅行は危険な場合があります。ネパールでは、一般に同性関係に対する寛容性があり、性的マイノリティに対する差別は法律に違反しています。しかし、愛情の公のディスプレイはすべて、この社会では不適切と見なされています。長期の刑を宣告する可能性のある少量のマリファナの所持など、薬物犯罪には厳しい罰則があります。

極限の暴力

攻撃は、たとえば毛沢東主義の反乱などの政治的および民族的対立の結果として発生することがあります。旅行者は直接標的にされていませんが、外国人は予測不可能であり、特にテライ地域で死傷者を出しているため、攻撃は依然として外国人にリスクをもたらします。旅行者は、特に夜に軍隊と警察の検問所に出くわすことを期待すべきです。

政情不安

政情不安の期間の後、政治状況は不安定なままです。バンズと呼ばれるデモや破壊的なゼネストが発生する場合があります。彼らは通常平和的ですが、旅行者は暴力的になり、警告なしに暴動を起こす可能性があるため、これらの政治集会は避けてください。