{"id":83319,"date":"2022-06-29T01:11:30","date_gmt":"2022-06-29T05:11:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.sitata.com\/?p=83319"},"modified":"2022-06-29T01:39:33","modified_gmt":"2022-06-29T05:39:33","slug":"travel-risk-assessment-israel-and-the-palestinian-territories","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sitata.com\/fr\/travel-risk-assessment-israel-and-the-palestinian-territories\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00c9valuation des risques li\u00e9s aux voyages - Isra\u00ebl et territoires palestiniens"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span id=\"docs-internal-guid-a8c10271-7fff-ed72-d5b7-223069f1b2fc\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline;\">Niveau de risque<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; vertical-align: baseline;\">: <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(180, 95, 6); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; vertical-align: baseline;\">MOD\u00c9R\u00c9<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.sitata.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/14025876352_62864b5ee4_b.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-83321\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.sitata.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/14025876352_62864b5ee4_b.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/blog.sitata.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/14025876352_62864b5ee4_b-980x735.jpg 980w, https:\/\/blog.sitata.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/14025876352_62864b5ee4_b-480x360.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 980px) 980px, (min-width: 981px) 1024px, 100vw\" \/><figcaption><em>Image Courtesy : Flikr<\/em><em>|&nbsp;<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.0\/\"><em>D\u00e9tails de la licence<\/em><\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Aper\u00e7u du pays<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Les <a href=\"https:\/\/goo.gl\/maps\/AB7wQ9Usyu9ADwzS6\">\u00c9tat d'Isra\u00ebl<\/a> est n\u00e9e le <a href=\"https:\/\/history.state.gov\/milestones\/1945-1952\/creation-israel#:~:text=On%20May%2014%2C%201948%2C%20David,nation%20on%20the%20same%20day.\">14 mai 1948<\/a>Isra\u00ebl est le seul pays au monde \u00e0 \u00eatre majoritairement peupl\u00e9 de juifs. Isra\u00ebl est situ\u00e9 sur la c\u00f4te orientale de la mer M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e et est bord\u00e9 par Chypre (fronti\u00e8re maritime), l'\u00c9gypte, la Jordanie, le Liban, la Syrie et les territoires palestiniens de l'ancienne R\u00e9publique yougoslave de Mac\u00e9doine. <a href=\"https:\/\/goo.gl\/maps\/rK9QkEQ4CiBKdSoR7\">Cisjordanie<\/a> et le <a href=\"https:\/\/goo.gl\/maps\/BVRFdBL1gAFXoBdH9\">Bande de Gaza<\/a>. La monnaie de l'\u00c9tat juif est <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/New-Israeli-Shekel\">Nouveau shekel<\/a> et la nation suit <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Hebrew-language\">H\u00e9breu<\/a> comme langue nationale. Les territoires palestiniens de Cisjordanie et de Gaza sont adjacents \u00e0 Isra\u00ebl et ne constituent pas un \u00c9tat internationalement reconnu en raison de la nature conflictuelle de la r\u00e9gion et de l'instabilit\u00e9 politique due \u00e0 la division du pouvoir entre les deux parties. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dni.gov\/nctc\/groups\/hamas.html\">Hamas<\/a> \u00e0 Gaza et <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Fatah\">Fatah<\/a> en Cisjordanie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>S\u00e9curit\u00e9 personnelle<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Le c\u0153ur d'Isra\u00ebl et les r\u00e9gions frontali\u00e8res en conflit t\u00e9moignent de deux r\u00e9alit\u00e9s diff\u00e9rentes en termes de violence, de s\u00fbret\u00e9 et de s\u00e9curit\u00e9. Ces r\u00e9alit\u00e9s peuvent \u00eatre appr\u00e9hend\u00e9es de la mani\u00e8re suivante :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><strong>Crime :<\/strong> Les activit\u00e9s criminelles sont rares en Isra\u00ebl, mais des vols mineurs (argent, passeport, cartes de cr\u00e9dit, etc.), des vols \u00e0 la tire, des vols de sacs \u00e0 main, des vols de v\u00e9hicules et des vols de bagages laiss\u00e9s sans surveillance ont \u00e9t\u00e9 signal\u00e9s et peuvent donc pr\u00e9senter un faible risque pour la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 des voyageurs. Le gouvernement oblige les voyageurs \u00e0 se munir d'un <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/vehicle-insurance\/driving-abroad\">carte verte<\/a> comme couverture d'assurance minimale pour conduire des v\u00e9hicules en Isra\u00ebl.<\/li><li><strong>Voyage en voiture :<\/strong> De nombreuses ambassades conseillent aux voyageurs de faire preuve de prudence lorsqu'ils circulent dans des v\u00e9hicules sur la route, car les accidents sont fr\u00e9quents en raison d'une conduite erratique ou \u00e0 l'occasion de f\u00eates religieuses, d'affrontements violents et de manifestations. Les transports publics tels que les bus \u00e0 J\u00e9rusalem peuvent \u00eatre des cibles vuln\u00e9rables lors d'affrontements violents dans la ville. En 2019, il y a eu <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/statistical-data-sets\/ras52-international-comparisons\">355 morts sur les routes<\/a> en Isra\u00ebl.<\/li><li><strong>Dangers : <\/strong>Une zone d'activit\u00e9 sismique comprend Isra\u00ebl, la Cisjordanie et Gaza. En hiver, de novembre \u00e0 mars, des crues soudaines peuvent se produire dans les collines de Jud\u00e9e et le d\u00e9sert du N\u00e9guev. Pendant les mois les plus chauds, des temp\u00eates de sable, des temp\u00eates de poussi\u00e8re et des feux de brousse peuvent se produire.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Soins de sant\u00e9<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Les citoyens et les r\u00e9sidents permanents d'Isra\u00ebl b\u00e9n\u00e9ficient d'une couverture m\u00e9dicale universelle par le biais de la <a href=\"https:\/\/www.commonwealthfund.org\/international-health-policy-center\/countries\/israel\">Assurance maladie nationale (NHI)<\/a> l\u00e9gislation. Il est conseill\u00e9 aux voyageurs de souscrire une assurance avant de se rendre en Isra\u00ebl. <a href=\"https:\/\/il.usembassy.gov\/u-s-citizen-services\/local-resources-of-u-s-citizens\/medical-emergencies-israel\/\">syst\u00e8me d'aide d'urgence<\/a> est r\u00e9put\u00e9 et rapide dans tout le pays, \u00e0 l'exception des r\u00e9gions frontali\u00e8res contest\u00e9es et des zones fortement militaris\u00e9es. Les territoires de Cisjordanie et de Gaza ont un syst\u00e8me de sant\u00e9 instable, avec des donn\u00e9es enregistr\u00e9es peu fiables sur des indicateurs essentiels tels que les taux de morbidit\u00e9 et de mortalit\u00e9. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.moh.gov.ps\/portal\/en\/\">Minist\u00e8re de la sant\u00e9 (MoH)<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.unrwa.org\/\">Office de secours et de travaux des Nations unies pour les r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s de Palestine (UNRWA)<\/a>Le secteur priv\u00e9, les organisations non gouvernementales (ONG) et le secteur priv\u00e9 sont les quatre types de prestataires de soins de sant\u00e9 op\u00e9rationnels en Cisjordanie et dans la bande de Gaza.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>La violence<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cette section devrait se concentrer sur les menaces plus larges :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><strong>Le terrorisme :<\/strong> Le terrorisme est une menace l\u00e9gitime pour les r\u00e9gions isra\u00e9liennes telles que <a href=\"https:\/\/goo.gl\/maps\/YVFGQUaoUcngQr6z9\">Beersheva<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/goo.gl\/maps\/5mfF34AtKNpDd6ms6\">Eilat<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/goo.gl\/maps\/odrL4WSxCWiQzT2v7\">Ha\u00effa<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/goo.gl\/maps\/RqMR7TvwpTTEZ3pA8\">J\u00e9rusalem<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/goo.gl\/maps\/KDbgaBqCyZRt6d5U8\">Netanya<\/a>et <a href=\"https:\/\/goo.gl\/maps\/TLv1bT81R1P5de5j6\">Tel Aviv<\/a>. Les attractions touristiques, les transports publics, les lieux de culte, les b\u00e2timents gouvernementaux, les restaurants, les bars et les h\u00f4tels peuvent faire l'objet de bombardements terroristes occasionnels et de frappes a\u00e9riennes du Hamas.<\/li><li><strong>Pr\u00e9sence de miliciens et de rebelles :<\/strong> La pr\u00e9sence de militants est n\u00e9gligeable dans le c\u0153ur d'Isra\u00ebl. Toutefois, Isra\u00ebl est confront\u00e9 \u00e0 de fr\u00e9quentes confrontations avec le Hamas dans la bande de Gaza limitrophe.&nbsp;<\/li><li><strong>Troubles civils :<\/strong> La population arabe d'Isra\u00ebl et des territoires palestiniens, en particulier la Cisjordanie et la bande de Gaza, est tr\u00e8s nombreuse. <a href=\"https:\/\/goo.gl\/maps\/6LDPsaX6Np66HZHYA\">Vieille ville<\/a> \u00e0 J\u00e9rusalem ont souvent des confrontations directes avec les <a href=\"https:\/\/www.idf.il\/en\/\">Forces de d\u00e9fense isra\u00e9liennes<\/a> (TSAHAL). Le risque de violence est \u00e9lev\u00e9 lors des \u00e9v\u00e9nements religieux, politiques et internationaux, car il peut y avoir des manifestations anti-isra\u00e9liennes de la population arabe contre les colons juifs dans les r\u00e9gions.<\/li><li><strong>Massacres et fusillades :<\/strong> L'IDF m\u00e8ne <a href=\"https:\/\/reliefweb.int\/report\/occupied-palestinian-territory\/israel-killed-five-times-many-palestinians-2022-it-killed-same\">des op\u00e9rations militaires fr\u00e9quentes<\/a> pour lutter contre les comportements antisociaux en Cisjordanie. Ces op\u00e9rations ont r\u00e9cemment \u00e9t\u00e9 men\u00e9es \u00e0 minuit et ont d\u00e9j\u00e0 fait des victimes.<\/li><li><strong>Violence religieuse\/ethnique\/raciale\/sexuelle :<\/strong> Les affrontements fr\u00e9quents entre Arabes palestiniens et colons juifs \u00e0 J\u00e9rusalem et en Cisjordanie peuvent donner lieu \u00e0 des violences religieuses. Isra\u00ebl se classe <a href=\"https:\/\/giwps.georgetown.edu\/country\/israel\/\">27\/170<\/a> et les territoires palestiniens se classent <a href=\"https:\/\/giwps.georgetown.edu\/country\/palestine\/\">160\/170<\/a> dans le <a href=\"https:\/\/giwps.georgetown.edu\/the-index\/\">2021 Indice de paix des femmes<\/a>, r\u00e9alis\u00e9e par l'Institut des femmes, de la paix et de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 de Georgetown.<\/li><li><strong>Situation politique :<\/strong> Avec la r\u00e9cente dissolution du Parlement par la coalition Bennet et Lapid, le syst\u00e8me politique isra\u00e9lien va conna\u00eetre son heure de gloire. <a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/explained\/explained-why-israel-headed-5th-election-3-years-what-now-7983055\/\">cinqui\u00e8me \u00e9lection en trois ans<\/a>Ce chiffre indique une volatilit\u00e9 politique due \u00e0 l'absence d'une majorit\u00e9 d\u00e9finitive. Toutefois, cette volatilit\u00e9 politique ne constitue pas une menace imm\u00e9diate pour la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 des voyageurs dans le pays. La Cisjordanie est politiquement instable car le gouvernement isra\u00e9lien et le Fatah administrent collectivement la r\u00e9gion et entretiennent des relations conflictuelles. Le risque pour la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 dans la bande de Gaza est \u00e9lev\u00e9 et les ambassades conseillent vivement aux voyageurs d'\u00e9viter de se rendre dans la r\u00e9gion en raison du pouvoir militaire de l'organisation terroriste d\u00e9sign\u00e9e, le Hamas. Alors que le c\u0153ur d'Isra\u00ebl est caract\u00e9ris\u00e9 comme \"libre\" avec une note de pays de <a href=\"https:\/\/freedomhouse.org\/country\/israel\/freedom-world\/2022\">76\/100<\/a> par le <a href=\"https:\/\/freedomhouse.org\/report\/freedom-world\">Rapport sur la libert\u00e9 2022<\/a>La Cisjordanie et la bande de Gaza sont toutes deux d\u00e9clar\u00e9es \"non libres\", avec des notes de <a href=\"https:\/\/freedomhouse.org\/country\/west-bank\/freedom-world\/2022\">23\/100<\/a> et <a href=\"https:\/\/freedomhouse.org\/country\/gaza-strip\/freedom-world\/2022\">11\/100<\/a> respectivement.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Zones \u00e0 \u00e9viter\/pr\u00e9cautions \u00e0 prendre<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Les zones r\u00e9gionales sp\u00e9cifiques \u00e0 \u00e9viter sont les suivantes :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><strong>Bande de Gaza :<\/strong> De nombreuses ambassades conseillent aux voyageurs d'\u00e9viter tout voyage dans la bande de Gaza en raison de l'absence de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 personnelle. La fronti\u00e8re isra\u00e9lienne avec la bande de Gaza pr\u00e9sente \u00e9galement un risque \u00e9lev\u00e9 pour la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 des voyageurs.<\/li><li><strong>Cisjordanie :<\/strong> Il est conseill\u00e9 aux voyageurs d'\u00e9viter les d\u00e9placements non essentiels dans certaines zones de la Cisjordanie. Toutefois, il est possible de se rendre \u00e0 Ramallah, J\u00e9richo et Bethl\u00e9em, mais les voyageurs sont invit\u00e9s \u00e0 faire preuve de prudence.<\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/goo.gl\/maps\/Q1TvfJyfYSQ4tm6F9\"><strong>Hauteurs du Golan<\/strong><\/a><strong>:<\/strong> Il est conseill\u00e9 aux voyageurs d'\u00e9viter de se rendre \u00e0 l'est de l'autoroute 98 en raison d'une forte activit\u00e9 militaire.<\/li><li><strong>Autoroutes 10 et 12 :<\/strong> Il est conseill\u00e9 aux voyageurs de reconsid\u00e9rer leur d\u00e9placement sur les autoroutes 10 et 12, situ\u00e9es \u00e0 la fronti\u00e8re entre Isra\u00ebl et l'\u00c9gypte, qui peuvent constituer une menace pour la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 en raison du conflit qui s\u00e9vit dans la r\u00e9gion.<\/li><li><strong>Fronti\u00e8re avec le Liban :<\/strong> Il est conseill\u00e9 aux voyageurs d'\u00e9viter de se rendre \u00e0 moins de 500 m\u00e8tres de la fronti\u00e8re isra\u00e9lo-libanaise en raison d'une forte activit\u00e9 militaire.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00c9valuation finale<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Les voyageurs doivent savoir que les voyages dans la r\u00e9gion du centre d'Isra\u00ebl ne pr\u00e9sentent pas le m\u00eame niveau de risque que les voyages dans la r\u00e9gion de la Cisjordanie et de Gaza. Le centre d'Isra\u00ebl pr\u00e9sente un <strong>LOW<\/strong>&nbsp; \u00e0 <strong>MOD\u00c9R\u00c9<\/strong> La Cisjordanie et la r\u00e9gion de Gaza pr\u00e9sentent un niveau de risque \u00e9lev\u00e9 en termes de criminalit\u00e9 et de terrorisme. La Cisjordanie et la r\u00e9gion de Gaza repr\u00e9sentent un <strong>HAUT<\/strong> niveau de risque d\u00fb \u00e0 la criminalit\u00e9 g\u00e9n\u00e9ralis\u00e9e, au terrorisme et \u00e0 l'intensification de l'activit\u00e9 militaire.<\/li><li>Les b\u00e2timents gouvernementaux, les \u00e9coles, les lieux de culte, les infrastructures de transport telles que les a\u00e9roports et les gares routi\u00e8res, les attractions touristiques, les restaurants, les bars, les caf\u00e9s, les centres commerciaux, les march\u00e9s et les h\u00f4tels peuvent devenir des cibles vuln\u00e9rables de l'activit\u00e9 terroriste dans la r\u00e9gion.<\/li><li>C\u00e9l\u00e9brations publiques et \u00e9v\u00e9nements religieux tels que <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Yom-Kippur\">Yom Kippour<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Ramadan\">Ramadan<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Passover\">Pessah<\/a>et <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Rosh-Hashana\">Rosh Hashanah<\/a> peuvent devenir un terrain propice aux troubles civils et aux manifestations qui peuvent devenir violentes.<\/li><li>Sitata ne recommande pas de se rendre dans la bande de Gaza et conseille de faire preuve de prudence pour certaines destinations en Isra\u00ebl et en Cisjordanie. Envisager un <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sitata.com\/fr\/join\/\">Adh\u00e9sion \u00e0 Sitata<\/a> qui vous donnera des avertissements sur les perturbations et les menaces pendant que vous \u00eates au sol, ainsi qu'une aide au voyage d'urgence si vous vous retrouvez dans une situation inqui\u00e9tante.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Le risque global de voyage en Isra\u00ebl et dans les territoires palestiniens est de <strong>MOD\u00c9R\u00c9<\/strong>. De nombreux pays conseillent \u00e0 leurs citoyens de faire preuve de prudence lorsqu'ils se rendent dans les r\u00e9gions frontali\u00e8res d'Isra\u00ebl et de Cisjordanie. Toutefois, il est conseill\u00e9 aux citoyens d'\u00e9viter tout voyage \u00e0 Gaza.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>Les gens du voyage peuvent envisager un\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sitata.com\/fr\/join\/\"><strong><em>Adh\u00e9sion \u00e0 Sitata<\/em><\/strong><\/a><strong><em>\u00a0qui peut les informer sur la situation actuelle du COVID pour leur destination en Isra\u00ebl et dans les Territoires palestiniens. Pour les entreprises qui souhaitent obtenir un rapport plus d\u00e9taill\u00e9 sur les pays concern\u00e9s, veuillez vous r\u00e9f\u00e9rer \u00e0 notre rapport d'analyse approfondie par pays, disponible sur notre site web.\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sitata.com\/fr\/pour-les-entreprises\/\"><strong><em>repr\u00e9sentants de soutien<\/em><\/strong><\/a><strong><em>.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Niveau de risque : L'\u00c9tat d'Isra\u00ebl est n\u00e9 le 14 mai 1948 et est le seul pays au monde majoritairement peupl\u00e9 de juifs. Isra\u00ebl est situ\u00e9 sur la c\u00f4te orientale de la mer M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e et est bord\u00e9 par Chypre (fronti\u00e8re maritime), l'\u00c9gypte, la Jordanie, le Liban, la Syrie et les territoires palestiniens de l'Ouest [...].<\/p>","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":83327,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[146,22],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Travel Risk Assessment - Israel and the Palestinian Territories - Sitata<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sitata.com\/fr\/travel-risk-assessment-israel-and-the-palestinian-territories\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Travel Risk Assessment - Israel and the Palestinian Territories - Sitata\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Risk Level: MODERATE Country Overview The State of Israel was born on May 14, 1948, and is the only majorly Jewish populated country in the world. 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